陈翰笙与中国土地革命和无锡保定农村调查-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Chen Hansheng,?the Chinese Communist Land Revolution, and the Wuxi-Baoding Rural Survey

Author(s):: ZHANG Li LI Kun; (School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191)

Keywords:: nature of Chinese society; land revolution; Wuxi-Baoding survey; academic quality of survey data; “qu-zhong-hua”

摘要:: 土地革命是中国新民主主义革命的中心内容，也是中国新民主主义革命得以取得胜利的一个关键因素。土地革命的成功不光有赖于红区红色政权的实践，而且有赖于白区中共地下党员和左派知识分子的理论宣传。在论述和倡导土地革命必要性的理论宣传中，生活在白区的中共地下党员和左派知识分子起了十分重要的作用。1929-1930年的无锡、保定农村社会经济调查是中共白区地下党员联合左翼学者试图为中共土地革命进行理论论证的第一次学术努力。此次调查为后来“中国农村经济研究会”和《中国农村》的创立奠定了基础，在中国共产党的秘密领导下，“研究会”和《中国农村》杂志在对土地革命的理论论证和宣传中发挥了重要作用。本文将对“无、保调查”的历史背景，其与中共和中共土地革命运动之间的关系，以及调查资料的质量和学术性进行评述，并试图对1958年张之毅等人的“趋中化”资料分析结果进行解释。

Abstract:: Land revolution was the core content of the communist revolution in China and was also an important factor leading to the victory of the Chinese Communist Party in China. The success of the land revolution was attributed not only to its implementation by the communists in the regions controlled by the CCP, but also the advocacy for land revolution by underground CCP and leftist scholars in regions governed by the KMD. The 1929-1930 Wuxi-Baoding rural survey was the first academic effort made by the underground CCP to argue for land revolution in China. The operation of the survey paved the way for the founding of the “Chinese Rural Social and Economic Research Association” and the journal?Rural China, which were operated under the leadership of the CCP, and played an important role in advocacy and drawing support from Chinese intellectuals for land revolution. The paper examines the historical background of the Wuxi-Baoding surveys, and also discusses the academic quality of the surveys and provides an explanation for the surprising 1958 analysis result of “qu-zhong-hua” (land ownership moving towards the middle).