[1]范静静.重评伊懋可《大象的退却：一部中国环境史》征引史料问题[J].中国农史,2020,39(01):132-145.
　FAN Jing-jing.Re-evaluation on the Issue of Citing Historical Materials of The Retreat of the Elephants: An Environmental History of China by Mark Elvin[J].SAMSON,2020,39(01):132-145.
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重评伊懋可《大象的退却：一部中国环境史》征引史料问题()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
39
期数:
2020年01期
页码:
132-145
栏目:
出版日期:
2020-03-05

文章信息/Info

Title:
Re-evaluation on the Issue of Citing Historical Materials of The Retreat of the Elephants: An Environmental History of China by Mark Elvin
作者:
范静静
（山东大学 儒学高等研究院，山东 济南 250100）
Author(s):
FAN Jing-jing
（Advanced Institute of Confucian Studies, Shandong University, Jinan 250100）
关键词:
伊懋可; 《大象的退却》; 环境史; 征引史料; 历史地理学
Keywords:
Mark Elvin;  The Retreat of the Elephants;  environmental history;  historical geography;  citing historical materials
分类号:
S-09；K220
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
伊懋可《大象的退却：一部中国环境史》是国内外中国环境史研究综合性论著中的佳作，赞誉甚多，实至名归。但是，在其征引史料来源的合理性与运用的适应性上存在较大争议，主要集中在新被重视的诗文类资料如何才能更有效地作用于环境史领域。伊懋可的目标之一是简述环境发展的真实历史，借助传统的经史子集文献和国内既有成果，在具体环境问题的阐释上基本达成了这一设想。而由微观事件上升至宏观建构，仅靠解读诗文资料已显吃力，且存在以心理事实取代历史事实的偏差与误读，加之“过犹不及”的价值判断，令其不自觉地陷入线性恶化的环境衰退论的陷阱。这样的倾向不是个案，还明显体现在以马立博、易明等为代表的西方学者书写的中国环境史中，亟须得到纠正。文献适当是准确理解环境问题的基础，客观判读是获取合理解决方案的前提。规避已出现的弊病，转换各学科的史料资源，明确“环境”在过去、现在与未来中的位置，仍是目前中国环境史研究的重点。
Abstract:
The Retreat of the Elephants: An Environmental History of China by Mark Elvin is one of the best comprehensive works on China environmental history both at home and abroad. However, there are great disputes on the rationality of the sources of historical materials and the adaptability of the uses of historical materials, mainly focusing on how to effectively apply the poetic and literary materials to the field of environmental history. One of his goals was to briefly describe the real history of environmental development, which was basically achieved in the interpretation of specific environmental issues with the help of traditional literature and domestic achievements. However, from micro events to macro construction, it is far from enough to rely only on the interpretation of poetry and literature, and there is a bias and misreading of replacing historical truth with psychological truth, coupled with the value judgment of "too much is not good enough", which makes them fall into the trap of the theory of environmental recession unconsciously. This tendency is not an isolated case. It is also evident in China environmental history written by western scholars such as Robert B. Marks and Elizabeth C. Economy, which urgently needs to be corrected. Proper historical materials is the basis of accurate understanding of environmental problems, and objective interpretation is the premise of obtaining reasonable solutions. It is still the focus of China’s environmental history research to avoid the existing problems, transfer the historical resources of various disciplines, and define the position of "environment" in the past, present and future.
更新日期/Last Update: 2020-04-05