[1]吴云峰.淮南抗日根据地的互助合作运动研究[J].中国农史,2021,40(01):132-145.
　WU Yun-feng.Studies of Mutual Aid and Cooperation Movement in Huainan Anti-Japanese Base Area[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2021,40(01):132-145.
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淮南抗日根据地的互助合作运动研究()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
40
期数:
2021年01期
页码:
132-145
栏目:
出版日期:
2021-02-04

文章信息/Info

Title:
Studies of Mutual Aid and Cooperation Movement in Huainan Anti-Japanese Base Area
作者:
吴云峰
（黄山学院 马克思主义学院，安徽 黄山 245041）
Author(s):
WU Yun-feng
（School of Marxism Studies, Huangshan University, Huangshan 245041）
关键词:
淮南抗日根据地; 互助合作运动; 大生产运动
Keywords:
Huainan anti-Japanese base area; mutual aid and cooperation movement; large-scale production movement
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了打破敌伪的经济封锁，减轻地主对农民的剥削，克服小农经济的局限性，淮南抗日根据地开展了互助合作运动。根据地在组织农户参加互助时，总结经验、树立典型，循序渐进，逐步推广，抓住群众需要，解决群众困难，尊重群众意愿，利用适当形式，从而有效组织了互助合作。互助合作运动开展中，也遇到不少问题，如形式主义、强迫命令；违背公平合理原则；经营管理效率不高；农民的观望、落后分子的破坏等。根据地采取了一系列措施，应对这些问题。如在经济条件相近、关系和睦的农户间开展互助，对落后分子进行说服教育，建章立制，惩戒营私舞弊者；发扬民主、确保公平等。互助合作运动的开展，提高了生产效率，克服了小农经济的弊端，加强了基础设施建设；创造了物质财富，改善了民众生活。淮南抗日根据地互助合作运动对当今的农民专业合作社仍有一定的参考借鉴意义。
Abstract:
Aimed to break the economic blockade of the enemy and puppet regime, alleviate landlords’ exploitation of the peasantry, surmount the limitations of small-scale peasant economy, Huainan anti-Japanese base area initiated the mutual aid and cooperation movement. In organizing peasant households to participate in the mutual aid, the base area summed up experience, set examples, advanced and promoted step by step, grasped people’s needs, solved their difficulties and valued their wishes, applied suitable forms, and hence implemented the mutual aid and cooperation effectively. Nevertheless, many problems arose in the process, such as formalism and coercion, violation of the principle of fairness and reasonableness, management inefficiency, peasants’ wait-and-see attitude, laggards’ destruction, etc.To address these issues, the base area adopted a series of measures, for instance, developing mutual aid between the peasant households with similar economic conditions and harmonious relations, persuading and educating laggards, establishing regulations, punishing fraudsters, promoting democracy and ensuring equity.The launching of the mutual aid and cooperation movement improved productivity, overcame the drawbacks of small-scale peasant economy, strengthened infrastructure construction, created material wealth, and ameliorated people’s lives. The mutual aid and cooperation movement in Huainan anti-Japanese base area can still offer its successful experiences for today’s farmer specialized cooperatives.
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-03-11