历史时期中国的农业与土地生态嬗变-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: LI Jun ZHANG Yan-qi; （College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083）

摘要:: 土地资源安全事关粮食安全、水安全和生态环境安全，进而影响社会和经济的可持续发展。历史时期，伴随人口快速增加而来的农业开发在解决粮食安全的同时，也引发山区、牧区等生态脆弱地带屡屡发生破坏性开垦，产生严重的土地退化。土地退化会产生不可逆转的灾难性后果，它不仅威胁到人类的生存空间与粮食安全，更会影响社会的安全稳定，损害文明延续的物质基础；且土地一旦遭到破坏，其恢复过程往往是极为漫长的。为了实现土地的安全利用，我们既要从传统中吸取“永续农业”的经验，更要树立绿色发展理念，积极开展退耕还林、还草，实施保护性耕作。

Abstract:: Land resources security is related to food security, water security and ecological environment security, and thus affects the sustainable development of society and economy. During the historical period, with the rapid increase of population, destructive reclamation occurred frequently in the ecologically fragile areas such as mountainous areas and pastoral areas, causing serious land degradation. Land degradation will have irreversible and catastrophic consequences. It not only threatens human living space and food security, but also affects social security and stability, and damages the material foundation for the continuation of civilization. Once land is damaged, the restoration process is often extremely long. In order to achieve the safe use of land, we should not only learn from the traditional experience of "sustainable agriculture", but also establish the concept of green development, actively carry out the return of farmland to forest and grassland, and implement conservation tillage.