[1]钟 华.我国考古出土葡萄属种子遗存初探——兼论本土葡萄属植物的栽培可能[J].中国农史,2024,43(06):38-50.
　ZHONG Hua.The Preliminary Study of Grape (Vitis) Uncovered from the Archaeological Sites in China & on the Cultivation Possibility of Native Vitis[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2024,43(06):38-50.
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我国考古出土葡萄属种子遗存初探——兼论本土葡萄属植物的栽培可能()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
43
期数:
2024年06期
页码:
38-50
栏目:
出版日期:
2024-12-29

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Preliminary Study of Grape (Vitis) Uncovered from the Archaeological Sites in China & on the Cultivation Possibility of Native Vitis
作者:
钟 华
（中国社会科学院/中国历史研究院/中国社会科学院大学 科技考古与文化遗产保护重点实验室，北京 102488）
Author(s):
ZHONG Hua
（Key Laboratory of Archaeological Sciences and Cultural Heritage, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences / Chinese Academy of History / University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 102488）
关键词:
本土葡萄属植物; 欧亚种葡萄; 栽培属性; 植物考古
Keywords:
native grape (Vitis);  Eurasian grape (Vitis Vinifera);  cultivation attribute;  archaeobotany
分类号:
S-09；K210
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
近年来，随着我国考古出土的葡萄属植物遗存日渐丰富，对其在不同时期的利用方式，以及是否为古人所栽培驯化等议题，逐渐引起了学者们的关注。但囿于考古发现过于零星，以及葡萄属种子遗存存在的自身研究缺陷等问题，相关研究一直难以深入开展。本文基于本单位保存的部分考古出土的葡萄属种子遗存，对史前到历史时期三个重要时间段考古出土葡萄属种子遗存进行了初步梳理，并进一步探讨了本土葡萄属植物资源的利用情况。在此基础上，尝试在考古学背景下，阐释我国古代人群栽培本土葡萄属植物的可能性和背后的动因。通过分析三个关键时期本土葡萄属种子出土情况，我们发现尽管这三个时期葡萄籽的形状和大小均未发现明显的历时性差别，但却反映了先民们利用葡萄属植物资源的不同方式；结合果树的木炭鉴定结果和其他考古学证据，本研究认为新石器时代末期至青铜时代早期，先民们可能已经开始了对葡萄属植物的人工栽培，这与当时农业的高度发展、社会阶层分化的不断加剧、遗址和区域间的频繁交流有直接的关系。上述因素也极大推动了早期文明的急速发展，乃至早期国家的最终形成。
Abstract:
In recent years, with the increasing abundance of grape (Vitis) remains unearthed from archaeological sites in China, scholars have gradually attracted attention to its utilization in various periods and whether it had been cultivated or domesticated by the ancient people. However, due to the sporadic archaeological discoveries and the defects of grape seed remains, the relevant research has been difficult to carry out in-depth. By analyzing the grape seeds unearthed in three important periods from prehistory to historical period, this paper discusses the utilization of local Vitis plant resources and tries to explain the possibility and motivation behind the cultivation of local grape plants by ancient people in China, based on the background of archaeology. By analyzing the data of native Vitis seeds in three key periods, it was found that although the shape and size of Vitis seeds in these three periods had no obvious difference in each era, they might reflect the different utilization modes. Combined with the charcoal of fruit trees and other archaeological evidence, we believe that the ancestors may have started the artificial cultivation of grape plants (Vitis) from the Late Neolithic Age to the Early Bronze Age, which may be directly related to the high development of agriculture, the increasing differentiation of social strata and the frequent exchanges between sites and regions at that time. In addition, these factors greatly promoted the rapid development of early civilization, even the final formation of early countries.
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-02-10