西汉时期的水患与人水关系：基于陈持弓事件的初步考察-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Flood Disaster and Human-Flood Relationship in West Han dynasty——Based on the Preliminary Investigation of Chen Chigong Event

Author(s):: BU Feng-xian; （Northwest Institute of Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development，Shaanxi Normal University, xi’an 710062）

摘要:: 建始三年误入宫室的陈持弓本事，引发史家诸多解读。本文结合西汉时期的水患形势和人水关系变化情况，对陈持弓事件的发生发展予以梳理考察。陈持弓事件看似偶然，但在其发生过程中有一定必然性。陈持弓事件与长安惊恐乱象之间并非直接的线性进程，而是西汉建始三年长安惊恐过程中的一个另类注解。西汉时期的人水关系，既有兴水利协理水力造福于民的方面，也有水患频发、水力肆虐、为害百姓的方面。西汉时期人水关系的演变基本呈现三个阶段：武帝以前人力胜于水力，水利兴盛；昭宣之时人水关系愈趋缓和，人水协理势均力敌；元成以后，水力暴涨，人水关系失去平衡状态，水害肆虐，闻水色变而长安惊恐。也因为这个原因，陈持弓事件看似偶然，其实建始年间长安城中自有女孽入宫的必然性。

Abstract:: Chen Chigong Event that mis-involved into imperial palace in Jianshi three years, initiated many interpretations of historical experts. Combined with the flood disaster situation in West Han dynasty and human-flood relationship change, this thesis do the investigation about the development of Chen Chigong Event. This event was seemingly accidental, however, it had the necessity in its occurrence process. This event had no direct linear process with Chang’an fear revolt, but it was an alternative annotation in the process of Chang’an fear revolt in Jianshi three years of West Han dynasty. The human-flood relationship in West Han dynasty not only had the benefit to the human race with irrigation construction, but also had the aspects of harmfulness with flood frequency. Human-flood relationship change in West Han dynasty took three steps, irrigation prosperity and human race better than irrigation before emperor Wu, Human-flood relationship tended to mitigation in Zhaoxuan periods, human-flood relationship off balance and disaster made fear in Chang’an city after Yuan-Cheng periods. As for these reasons, Chen Chigong event was seemingly accidental, but in fact, it had the necessity of women sinner into palace in Jianshi periods.