20世纪三四十年代中国耕牛问题研究-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: MAO Guang-yuan; （The Department of History and Culture, Gansu Normal University for Nationalities，Hezuo 747000）

Keywords:: in the 1930s and 1940s; farm cattle loan; farm cattle reproduction; rinderpest prevention treatment

摘要:: 耕牛作为中国传统农业社会最为主要的生产要素之一，备受历朝政府的高度重视。20世纪30、40年代，由于旱荒频仍、兽疫猖獗、社会动荡及战争等不利因素影响，耕牛大多被宰食或死于瘟疫，农用耕牛供需关系紧张，这有碍于农事活动正常进行。有鉴及此，耕牛在民间社会自行调剂普遍存在，中央及地方政府也通过保护耕牛立法、耕牛贷款、耕牛改良繁殖及疫病防治等措施增加耕牛数量，以期解决农业生产动力不足问题。

Abstract:: Farm cattle as one of the most important factors of traditional agricultural society, and was highly valued by the every dynasties. In the 1930s and 1940s, because of the frequent drought disasters, rampant animal disease, social unrest, war and other adverse factors, most of farm cattle were slaughtered or died from the plague, the supply and demand relationship between farm cattle was strained, which have impeded the normal conduct of agricultural activities. In view of this, The self-regulating of cattle was common in the civil society, the central and local governments have also adopted measures such as legislation on the protection of farm cattle, farm cattle loans, farm cattle reproduction, disease prevention treatment for protecting the farm cattle and increasing the number of farm cattle, expecting to solve the problem of lack of power in agricultural production.