[1]柴国生.“燃料荒”还是“燃料危机”：再论宋代燃料安全问题——兼与赵九洲商榷[J].中国农史,2019,38(01):106-119.
　CHAI Guo-sheng.Fuel Shortage Or Fuel Crisis: Further Discussion on Cruel Safety in Song Dynasty——Furthermore Deliberate With Mr Zhao Jiuzhou[J].SAMSON,2019,38(01):106-119.
点击复制

“燃料荒”还是“燃料危机”：再论宋代燃料安全问题——兼与赵九洲商榷()
分享到：

《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
38
期数:
2019年01期
页码:
106-119
栏目:
出版日期:
2019-03-02

文章信息/Info

Title:
Fuel Shortage Or Fuel Crisis: Further Discussion on Cruel Safety in Song Dynasty——Furthermore Deliberate With Mr Zhao Jiuzhou
作者:
柴国生
（中原工学院 知识产权学院，河南 郑州 450007）
Author(s):
CHAI Guo-sheng
（Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007）
关键词:
宋代; 燃料; 煤炭; 能源; 燃料危机
Keywords:
Song Dynasty; fuel; coal; energy; fuel crisis
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
宋代“传统燃料危机”说等燃料利用问题学界给予了较多关注，但也存在争议。在已有研究的基础上，围绕被作为宋代发生“传统燃料危机”的民伐桑枣为薪、煤炭推广利用、开封和个别手工业区燃料事件等四个方面的表征，对燃料安全问题相关方面进行深入分析可知，宋代农业产生的作物秸秆等燃料资源基本能够满足社会发展特别是百姓日用所需，加上仍然丰富的森林植被，薪炭等燃料资源总体充裕；“民伐桑枣为薪”且屡禁不止是百姓迫于赋役为“易钱”而非“自用”的不得已行为，并不普遍且影响有限；开封和个别手工业区出现的燃料安全事件是受限于燃料特性、运输能力等因素造成“供给难足”而引发的短时性的“燃料荒”，而非“资源枯竭”导致的“燃料危机”；煤炭作为古代唯一能够规模替代薪炭的优质燃料，得到推广利用是多种因素综合作用的历史必然，不宜将其原因简单归结为薪炭等燃料资源的枯竭。
Abstract:
Traditional fuel crisis in Song dynasty receives great attention among academic circles, but it is still in dispute. Based on previous research, grouping around four aspects of characterization of traditional fuel crisis in Song dynasty, lumbering mulberry and jujube tree as firewood, the promotion and utilization of coal, fuel events in Kaifeng and certain handcraft areas, this paper analyzes related aspects on cruel safety. Thus it may be known, fuel resources in Song dynasty such as crop straw ultimately met common people’s daily necessities, and resource of forest and firewood was sufficient then. The reason for the failure in the prohibition of lumbering mulberry and jujube tree as firewood was that common people paid taxes and it was non-self use and it had only limited effect. The cruel safety events in Kaifeng and certain handcraft areas was the short-time fuel shortage because of insufficient fuel supply not fuel crisis caused by resource depletion. Coal was the only effective fuel which can replace firewood, and popularization and utilization of coal was historic trend. It can’t be simply summed up as fuel resource exhaustion.

相似文献/References:

[1]柴国生.生物质燃料利用与我国古代农业的生态循环发展——以宋代为中心[J].中国农史,2018,37(04):127.
　CHAI Guo-sheng.Ecological Cycle Development between Utilization of Biomass Fuel and Chinese Ancient Agriculture——Centered for Song Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2018,37(01):127.
[2]赵九洲.宋代传统燃料危机问题新论——与王星光、柴国生先生商榷[J].中国农史,2018,37(06):99.
　ZHAO Jiu-zhou.A New Research about the Traditional Fuel Crisis in the Song Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2018,37(01):99.
[3]王 旭 郭声波.鹿胎消费与宋人的环保意识[J].中国农史,2016,35(01):113.
　WANG Xu GUO Sheng-bo.Killing，Demand and Prohibition：a Luxury of Song Dynasty——the Consumption and Motivation of Deer Fetus[J].SAMSON,2016,35(01):113.
[4]顾成瑞 刘 欣.唐宋时期粮食年成奏报制度述论——从天圣《赋役令》宋4条不能复原为唐令说起[J].中国农史,2016,35(02):58.
　GU Cheng-rui LIU Xin.A Study on the Reporting System of Crop Yield in the Tang and Song Dynasties[J].SAMSON,2016,35(01):58.
[5]衣保中 朱正西.宋代广西地区移民与农业发展研究[J].中国农史,2016,35(03):22.
　YI Bao-zhong Zhu Zheng-xi.The Research on the Immigrant of Guangxi in Song dynasty and Agricultural Development[J].SAMSON,2016,35(01):22.
[6]周方高 彭露.宋代湖南地区的茶业经济研究[J].中国农史,2016,35(04):39.
　ZHOU Fang-gao PENG Lu.Research on Tea Economy of Hunan in Song Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2016,35(01):39.
[7]骆详译.西夏土地的典卖、土地产权与宋夏的“一田二主制”[J].中国农史,2019,38(02):64.
　LUO Xiang-yi.Research on the Live-sale of the Lands and the Property Rights of Land in Xixia and Compare with the "one field two owners " in Song and Xixia[J].SAMSON,2019,38(01):64.
[8]章珂熔 胡 燕 应瑞瑶.宋代茶政的当代追问——以茶叶经济制度为例[J].中国农史,2020,39(02):81.
　ZHANG Ke-rong HU Yan YING Rui-yao.The Contemporary Questioning of Tea Policy in the Song Dynasty——Taking the Tea Economic System as an Example[J].SAMSON,2020,39(01):81.
[9]程民生.美丽农业：宋代的植物染料[J].中国农史,2022,41(02):3.
　CHENG Min-sheng.Beautiful Agriculture: Plant Dyes in Song Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2022,41(01):3.
[10]祁琛云 苗书梅.下户出钱：宋代南方水利募捐主体的再认识[J].中国农史,2022,41(03):77.
　QI Chen-yun MIAO Shu-mei.The Money Comes from the Next Account: Reconceptualizing the Main Body of Water Fundraising in Southern Song Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2022,41(01):77.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
柴国生（1980- ），男，历史学博士，中原工学院知识产权学院副教授，主要从事能源史和能源技术创新、发展战略与知识产权保护等方面研究。
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-03-11