[1]任继周 方锡良.中国工业化的历史过程与农业伦理学响应——兼论后工业化的历史机遇[J].中国农史,2019,38(03):3-10.
　REN Ji-zhou FANG Xi-liang.The Historical Process of China’s Industrialization and the Response of Agricultural Ethics to it——On the Historical Opportunities of Post-industrialization[J].SAMSON,2019,38(03):3-10.
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中国工业化的历史过程与农业伦理学响应——兼论后工业化的历史机遇()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
38
期数:
2019年03期
页码:
3-10
栏目:
出版日期:
2019-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Historical Process of China’s Industrialization and the Response of Agricultural Ethics to it——On the Historical Opportunities of Post-industrialization
作者:
任继周1 方锡良2
（1.兰州大学 草地农业科技学院、草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730020；2.兰州大学 哲学社会学院，甘肃 兰州 730000）
Author(s):
REN Ji-zhou1 FANG Xi-liang2
（1. School of Pastoral and Agricultural Science and Technology， State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems， Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 73002 ;2. School of Philosophy and Sociology， Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730000）
关键词:
中国工业化; 后工业化; 农耕文明; 三农问题; 战略机遇期; 农业伦理学
Keywords:
China’s industrialization;  post-industrialization;  agrarian civilization;  the issues concerning agriculture countryside and farmers;  the strategic opportunity period;  agricultural ethics
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
中国工业化经过三个阶段，即从1949年到1980年的工业化奠基阶段，1981年到1990年高速发展阶段，从1991年到2015年的工业化完成阶段；2015年以后进入后工业化阶段。每一个阶段都展现了农业的特殊贡献及其伦理观诠释。中国工业化的特点在于与世界后工业化发展同步。中国工业化始于1949年，恰与敲响工业社会危机警钟利奥波德的《沙乡年鉴》出版同年。以1992年巴西里约热内卢环发会议为标志，世界已经进入后工业化时代，中国正处于工业化的第二阶段。中国大力发展两头在外的劳动密集型民间企业，不排斥污染企业和工业垃圾的输入，使中国遭受严重污染，而农业是一切污染的主要受体。各类污染由水体而土壤而食物，进而危及社会安全。对农业系统的开放性认识不足，对农业缺乏伦理学关怀，导致城乡差距扩大，出现了举国为之忧虑的“三农问题”。但世界范围内由于后工业化到来，人们在对长期冷战思维的反思中，萌发了自然生态系统和社会生态系统互相协作的需求多于对抗、共赢优于零和的观念，于是避免了第三次世界大战，为中国提供了战略机遇期。目前中国农业伦理学的任务是保留农耕文明精华，汲取工业文明的成果，熔铸构建全新的后工业文明的农业伦理观。
Abstract:
China’s industrialization has gone through three stages, it is the foundation stage of industrialization from 1949 to 1980, 1981 to 1990,on the industrialization stage,completion stage of industrialization from 1991 to 2015, and we have entered the post-industrialization stage since 2015. Each stage shows the special contribution of agriculture and its ethical interpretation. The characteristic of China’s industrialization lies in synchronizing with the development of post-industrialization of the world. China’s industrialization began in 1949, the same year as the year of publication of Leopold′s A Sand County Almanac, which sounded the alarm of the industrial social crisis. Marked by the 1992 World Conference on Environmental Develop ment in Rio de Janeiro, the world has entered a post-industrial era, China was in the second stage of industrialization then. China has made great efforts to develop labor-intensive private enterprises with both sides outside the country, without excluding the import of polluting enterprises and industrial waste, it has brought serious pollution to China, and agriculture is the main recipient of all pollution. All kinds of pollutants pollute the water, the soil and food, thus endanger the social security. The insufficient understanding of the openness of the agricultural system and the lack of ethical care for agriculture have led to the widening gap between urban and rural areas, and led to the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, which are worried by the whole country. Accompanying with the arrival of post-industrialization in the world, with the reflection on the long-term Cold War thinking mode, people gradually sprouted the ideas that natural ecosystems and social ecosystems should cooperate with each other rather than confront with each other, and win-win is better than zero-sum. As a result， the third World War was avoided and it provided a period of strategic opportunity for China. At present, the task of Chinese agro-ethics is to retain the essence of farming civilization, to absorb the achievements of industrial civilization, to construct the new agricultural ethics of the post-industrial civilization.
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-07-08