20世纪下半叶太湖以东淀泖湖群的围垦改造与水环境-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Reconstruction and Utilization of Dianmao Lake Group to the East of Taihu Lake in the Second Half of the 20th Century and Water Environment Problems

Author(s):: WU Jun-fan; （Humanities College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234）

Keywords:: Taihu Lake Basin; Dianmao Lake Group; low-lying paddy fields; inning; water environment

摘要:: 唐宋以降，淀泖湖群地区一直是太湖流域最重要的蓄排水走廊，其畅通性和蓄水量关系到整个太湖流域的农业生产、社会经济发展和水利安全。晚清民国时期，淀泖作为太湖与黄浦江之间调蓄水柜的作用更加凸显。20世纪50年代以后，在农业追求增产和工业、城市发展的驱动下，淀泖湖群被大量围垦和辟为人工养鱼场，周边河道水系在联圩并圩的影响下也发生快速变化，而以消除内涝为目标的新圩田治理却并未达到预期效果，淀泖排水系统出现梗阻。这说明在现代工业化时期，淀泖地区仍然是整个太湖东部平原圩田治理和社会经济发展的水环境枢纽，需要结合历史经验加以治理。

Abstract:: The key of polder fields management in ancient Taihu Lake basin was to ensure that low-lying fields can discharge water when floods occur. The main body of Dianmao should hold enough water area and discharge capacity, which was very important to the Taihu regional development and water conservancy.After the 1950s, driven by the increase of agricultural production and the development of industry and cities, the Dianmao Lake group was reclaimed into paddy fields and turned into an artificial fish farm. Under the influence of combined polders construction, the surrounding river system changed rapidly, but the new polder field management aiming at eliminating waterlogging became unefficient. The expected results were not achieved. This shows that the regional hydrological environment has been restricting the field system and water conservancy construction. The hydrological and water storage in Dianmao area is still the key point of polder field management in the period of industrialization.