现象与本质：清代长江下游山区玉米生产引发的社会环境恶化——以杭嘉湖和皖南山区为中心的研究-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Phenomenon and Essence: Corn Production and Social Environment-Deterioration in the Mountainous Areas in the Lower Basin of the Yangtze River in the Qing Dynasty——A study centered on Hangjiahu and Wannan mountainous area

Author(s):: ZHANG Xiang-wen1 DAI Jia-cui2; （1.Marxist Academy, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246113;2.Accounting Office, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246113）

Keywords:: corn production; conflict of interest; lower reaches of the Yangtze River

摘要:: 清代自乾隆朝末期始，在长江下游的杭嘉湖和皖南山区，以棚民为主体的垦殖山土种植玉米引发的社会环境恶化现象日渐凸显，官方和土著也因此在该域掀起了我国粮作史上首次谴责和禁止外来稳产高产粮作传播种植的浪潮。社会环境恶化，主要表现为山上玉米生产日渐严重地破坏了山下土著的农业经济特别是粮食生产、人居环境和社会稳定，本质上是玉米生产者与非生产者之间的利益冲突，因而禁止玉米在山场传种的根本目的是保护土著的社会环境，保护原生植被和遏止水土流失的生态动机并不明显。

Abstract:: Since the late period of the emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the deterioration of social environment caused by the cultivation of corn in the mountainous areas of Hangjiahu and Wannan in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, the government and the indigenous people have set off a wave of condemning and banning the spread and cultivation of foreign stable and high-yield grain for the first time in the history of grain production. The deterioration of social environment is mainly manifested in the fact that the production of corn on the mountain has seriously damaged the agricultural economy, especially the food production, human settlements and social stability of the indigenous people under the mountains. In essence, it is a conflict of interest between the corn producers and the non producers. Therefore, the fundamental purpose of banning the transmission of corn on the mountain is to protect the social environment of the indigenous people, the ecological motivation of protecting the original veget ation and preventing the soil erosion as well is not obvious.