[1]何红中 蒋 静.新疆史前小麦经济地位考察及相关问题讨论[J].中国农史,2020,39(05):55-64.
　HE Hong-zhong JIANG Jing.An Exploration of the Economic Status of Wheat in Prehistoric Times in Xinjiang of China and Discussion on other Relevant Issues[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2020,39(05):55-64.
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新疆史前小麦经济地位考察及相关问题讨论()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
39
期数:
2020年05期
页码:
55-64
栏目:
出版日期:
2020-10-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
An Exploration of the Economic Status of Wheat in Prehistoric Times in Xinjiang of China and Discussion on other Relevant Issues
作者:
何红中1 蒋 静2
（1.南京审计大学 新经济研究院，江苏 南京211815；2.南京大学 历史学院，江苏 南京210023）
Author(s):
HE Hong-zhong1 JIANG Jing2
(1. Institute of New Economics, Nanjing Audit University，Nanjing 211815; 2. School of History, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023）
关键词:
新疆; 小麦; 史前时期; 经济形态; 文化交流
Keywords:
Xinjiang; wheat; protohistory; economic pattern; cultural exchange
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
新疆发现的史前小麦遗存至少已有十几处，结合其所在遗址的出土遗物进行考古学文化判断，总体而言，在牧业占据主导地位的经济形态中，小麦的地位不及黍甚至是粟；新疆阿勒泰通天洞遗址及其与周边阿凡纳谢沃文化、哈萨克斯坦Tasbas等遗址的关联性，说明小麦至少在5200多年前已拓展至新疆地区，且分布范围较广，为小麦通过草原通道传入中国的推论从考古学上提供了有力的支持。但目前的证据尚不足以对其东传包括在新疆的扩散路线作出结论性的判断，今后还要依赖更多的考古发现和综合探索。农作物的传播往往伴随着文化因素的传递或人群的迁徙，史前源自东方的黍相比小麦更为强势地在新疆扩散，可以为华夏文明在中亚乃至欧亚草原传播的研究拓展更多学术空间。
Abstract:
There are some wheat remains discovered in prehistoric period at least dozen archaeological sites in Xinjiang of China, and combined with the comprehensive analysis of the unearthed relics and archaeological cultures, wheat was generally inferior to broomcorn millet and even foxtail millet in the economic formation of animal husbandry occupying the first position, while these remains especially in the Tongtiandong Site and its association with the surrounding Afanasyevo Culture and Tasbas Site in Kazakhstan indicate that wheat had expanded to Xinjiang at least 5200 years before with a wide geographical distribution, which providing a strong archaeological support for the inference of wheat spreading to China through the grassland channel, but current evidences are not enough to make conclusive judgments on the spread of its eastward transmission including the diffusion routs in Xinjiang, then it will rely on more new discoveries of paleoethnobotany and comprehensive studies in future. Notably, the spread of crops is often accompanied by the transmission of cultural factors or the population migration, so the stronger expansion of millet than that of wheat in Xinjiang will help to expand more academic space for studies on the spread of Chinese civilization in Central Asia and even Eurasian grasslands.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2020-11-13