近代汉口牛皮输出研究-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

摘要:: 汉口是近代中国牛皮输出的首要市场。其牛皮主要来源于河南、湖北、湖南、江西、安徽、四川、陕西、甘肃及贵州。从输出份额看，1876—1895年，该口岸牛皮输出占据绝对优势。1896—1905年占近七成。1906—1931年输出份额虽降至五成，但绝对数值依然较大。其中，1913—1919年在欧美大国军需拉动下，年输出量22.2万担，价值834万海关两，一度被纳入汉口“八大行”。1932年后陷入衰退，原因除国内外大环境外，还与自然灾害、汇票结算及海关统计方法变化有关。

Abstract:: Hankow, a major commercial port in Central China, is the leading outputted center of cowhides in modern times. The main sources of the cowhides are Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Guizhou. According to the output shares, from 1876 to 1895, The output of Hankow cowhides was absolutely dominant.From 1896 to 1905, it accounted for nearly 70%. Although the output shares decreased to 50% from 1906 to 1931, the absolute value was larger, among from 1913 to 1919, driven by the military demands of Western Powers, the annual outputs was 222 thousand Piculs(担), and price was 8340 thousand custom Taels(海关两), which was once included in "eight big trades" of Hankow. After 1932, it fell into recession. The reason is not only by the impact of the domestic and international environment, but also related to natural disasters, bill settlement and changes in customs statistical methods.