[1]郑娜娜 许佳君.清前中期汉中地区招民垦荒政策与移民迁移[J].中国农史,2019,38(03):104-113.
　ZHENG Na-na XU Jia-jun.The Policy of Recruitment and Reclamation and Immigration in Hanzhong Region in Early and Middle Qing Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2019,38(03):104-113.
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清前中期汉中地区招民垦荒政策与移民迁移()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
38
期数:
2019年03期
页码:
104-113
栏目:
出版日期:
2019-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Policy of Recruitment and Reclamation and Immigration in Hanzhong Region in Early and Middle Qing Dynasty
作者:
郑娜娜 许佳君
（河海大学 公共管理学院，江苏 南京 211100）
Author(s):
ZHENG Na-na XU Jia-jun
（School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100）
关键词:
清前中期; 汉中地区; 招民垦荒; 移民迁移
Keywords:
early and middle Qing Dynasty;  recruitment and reclamation;  immigration;  Hanzhong region;  agricultural development
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
明末清初，战乱和灾荒造成陕南地区地旷人稀、经济凋敝的荒凉景象，同时出现大量流民，为了安抚流民、保证赋税、维护封建统治，清政府大力推行招民垦荒政策，通过蠲免赋税、附籍安插等优惠条件吸引大量湖广移民迁入陕南各地，形成“湖广填陕南”的移民浪潮。汉中府作为移民迁入的重要区域，大量移民的迁入为该地区带来丰富的劳动力资源，也带来先进的生产和灌溉技术，促进汉中地区农业生产的发展以及秦巴山区立体农业的形成。但移民刀耕火种的粗放耕作方式也带来耕地贫瘠化、水土流失严重、地质灾害频繁、生态环境失衡等一系列问题，造成农业危机。
Abstract:
In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, wars and famines caused economic decline and large number of displaced persons in the southern Shaanxi. In order to appease the displaced, guarantee taxes and safeguard feudal rule, the Qing government vigorously pursued the policy of recruiting people to reclamation. The government has attracted a large number of Huguang immigrants to all parts of southern Shaanxi through preferential conditions such as tax relief and attachment placement, forming a wave of immigrants "Huguang fill the southern Shaanxi province". Hanzhong is an important area for immigrants to move in, and the migration of large numbers of immigrants has brought abundant labor resources to the region, as well as advanced production and irrigation technology, and promoted the development of Hanzhong region agricultural production and the formation of three-dimensional agriculture in Qinba Mountain area. However, the extensive farming methods of migrant slash-and-burn also bring about a series of problems such as barren cultivated land, serious soil erosion, frequent geological disasters and unbalanced ecological environment, resulting in agricultural crisis.
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01