秦简中的浴蚕术及其相关俗信发微-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Interpretation of Bathing Silkworm Technique of Qin Bamboo Slips and Its Related Popular Belief

Author(s):: LYU Ya-hu; （School of History and Civilization， Shaanxi Normal University， Xi’an 710119）

Keywords:: Qin bamboo slips; bathing silkworm technique; time and date; things; avoid

摘要:: 蚕事生产是中国古代农业生产的重要组成部分，在陆续刊布的睡虎地秦简、周家台秦简、北大藏秦简中，即载有当时选浴蚕种的“浴蚕术”、出入蚕良日以及移蚕种入蚕室时的祝祷等内容。这些资料涉及蚕事生产中选育蚕种的具体时日、用物选择，以及蚕事生产中的避忌信仰。其中用礜石兑水洗桑叶饲蚕及浴蚕、移蚕种入蚕室前对蚕室的清理防护等内容是对古代民众长期蚕事生产中所积累的科学经验的再现，而用米泔水浸泡赤豆二七枚浴蚕、浴蚕与移蚕种入蚕室前的祷辞中所反映的蚕事避忌，以及出入蚕良日等信息则是对其基于巫术性思维原理下所产生的蚕事俗信的反映。对这些资料的梳理分析，有助于我们较为全面地认识我国古代先民的蚕事生产经验和相关俗信。

Abstract:: Sericulture production is an important part of agricultural production in ancient China. Among the successively published Shuihudi ，Zhoujiatai and Beida Qin bamboo slips， there are some contents， such as "bathing silkworm technique" and "entering and leaving silkworm good days"， etc. These data related to the specific time and date of breeding silkworm in sericulture production， selection of materials to be used， and taboo in sericulture production. Among them， washing mulberry leaves with boiled stone， bathing silkworms， cleaning and protecting silkworms before moving silkworms into the silkworm room are the reproduction of the scientific experience accumulated by the ancient people in the long-term silkworm production， while the message of avoiding silkworm affairs reflected in the prayer before soaking silkworms with fourteen pieces red beans in rice swill， bathing silkworms and moving silkworms into the silkworm room， as well as the information of entering and leaving the silkworm good days and so on， reflected the public base at that time The common belief of silkworm affairs produced under the principle of sympathetic witchcraft. The analysis of these materials will help us to have a comprehensive understanding of the silkworm production experience and related principles of folk belief of ancient Chinese ancestors.