[1]侯亮亮 贺霞霞 张国华.稳定同位素视角下小麦对汉代以前黄河流域先民主食结构的影响[J].中国农史,2024,43(04):87-100.
　HOU Liangliang HE Xiaxia ZHANG Guohua.Wheat Contribution to the Dietary Pattern of the Past Populations (c. 2000 BC-220 AD) in the Yellow River Valley by Stable Isotope Evidence[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2024,43(04):87-100.
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稳定同位素视角下小麦对汉代以前黄河流域先民主食结构的影响()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
43
期数:
2024年04期
页码:
87-100
栏目:
出版日期:
2024-08-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Wheat Contribution to the Dietary Pattern of the Past Populations (c. 2000 BC-220 AD) in the Yellow River Valley by Stable Isotope Evidence
作者:
侯亮亮1 贺霞霞2 张国华2
（1.山西大学 考古文博学院， 山西 太原 030006；2.山西大学 生命科学学院， 山西 太原 030006）
Author(s):
HOU Liangliang1 HE Xiaxia2 ZHANG Guohua2
（1.Department of Archaeology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006; 2.College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006）
关键词:
稳定同位素; 小麦的消费; 黄河流域; 东周至两汉
Keywords:
stable isotopes;  consumption of wheat;  the Yellow River valley;  from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasties
分类号:
S-09；K214
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
小麦何时成为我国先民主食结构的重要组成日益成为学术界广泛关注的重要课题。在植物考古和历史文献证据的基础上，本文对黄河流域小麦传入的关键时段——新石器时代晚期至两汉时期——人骨的C、N稳定同位素数据进行了综合分析，初步勾勒出小麦在具体时空范围内对先民食物结构的影响。结果显示，距今4000年至3800年前后，小麦开始对河西走廊地区先民食物结构产生冲击。距今3600年前后，小麦开始对甘肃、河湟及其毗邻地区先民的主食结构产生影响。然而，东周至两汉时期，小麦才对黄河中游地区先民的主食结构产生影响。具体而言，西汉至东汉时期，小麦开始对关中地区先民的主食结构产生明显影响。东周至两汉时期，小麦在今山西和今河南地区先民主食结构中的比重明显上升，显然，本时期是小麦推广的关键时期。这可能与冬小麦和石转磨等的出现及利农政策和人口的飞速增长等因素相关。然而，今内蒙古中南部地区和今山东地区的相关情况还有待进一步研究。未来如何精准判断小麦在先民主食结构中的比重，可能依然是研究中的重点和难点。
Abstract:
The extent consumption of wheat in the diet of the past populations in China has been increasingly discussed and debated in recent years. Based on archaeobotanical evidences and historical records, here we review the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic data of the past populations in the Yellow River valley from c. 4000 BP to the Han Dynasties (202 BC—220 AD), focusing on the temporal-spatial consumption of wheat in human dietary pattern. Results show that wheat had been consumed in the Hexi Corridor from c. 4000 BP to 3800 BP. And wheat had been consumed in the Hehuang and its contiguous region during 3600 BP. However, wheat had not been consumed abundantly in the Central Plain until the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Concretely speaking, the dietary pattern with gradient wheat consumption for the most humans in the Guanzhong area, Middle Shaanxi were presented during the Han Dynasties. And a similar dietary pattern was also appeared in Shanxi and Henan from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasties. Obviously, the period from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Han Dynasties is a turning point for the expansion of wheat in the Yellow River valley, which might relate to reasons of the emergence of winter wheat and the rotary mill, the carryout of new agricultural policies, and the population explosion. However, the related questions about wheat in central-south of Inner Mongolia, and Shandong should be researched further. In the future, we should still focus on the questions of distinguishing the extent of wheat consumption in human dietary pattern accurately.
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-09-10