新中国初期东北区农业科研体系的构建与运行机制研究（1949

文章信息/Info

Title:: Construction and Operation Mechanism of Agricultural Scientific Research System in Northeast China in the Initial Period of the People’s Republic of China（1949—1954）

Author(s):: XU Maoyu; （Institute of Modern Chinese History, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079）

Keywords:: Northeast Ministry of Agriculture; agricultural experiment farm; scientific research system; agricultural zoning

摘要:: 东北解放后，为巩固与建设新东北，支援全国解放斗争。东北行政委员会农业部适时调整农业生产方针，将农业技术作为发展农业生产的重要抓手，并在原日伪农业科研机构的基础上，根据行政区划进行恢复重建，初步建立起“部—省—县”三级农业科研体系。新中国成立后，从中央到东北，随着农业工作不断调整优化，东北农业部门开始结合农业区划完善农业科研体系构建，以充分发挥各地不同的自然与社会经济条件优势，尽可能使有限的科研力量释放出最大效能。在农业科研体系运行过程中，东北农业部门不断调查总结，逐步建立起常态化、制度化的运行机制，以确保该体系有效运行，真正为农民群众与农业生产服务。

Abstract:: After the liberation of Northeast China, the national liberation struggle was supported to consolidate and build a new Northeast. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Northeast Administrative Committee timely adjusted its agricultural production policies, making agricultural technology an important tool for agricultural production. Based on the original Japanese puppet agricultural research institutions, it was restored and rebuilt according to administrative divisions, thus establishing a three-level agricultural research system of "ministry-province-county". After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, with the continuous adjustment and optimization of agriculture, the Northeast Ministry of Agriculture began to improve the construction of the agricultural research system in combination with agricultural zoning from the central government to the Northeast. It aimed to give full play to the advantages of different natural and socio-economic conditions in various regions and maximize the effectiveness of limited scientific research capabilities. During the operation of the system, the Northeast Ministry of Agriculture continuously investigated and summarized, and gradually established a normalized and institutionalized operating mechanism to ensure the effective operation of the system and truly serve the farmers and agricultural production.