仓房抑或仓窖：战国西汉墓葬出土弧壁陶仓研究-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Granary or Grain Cellar: the Study on Arc Wall Pottery Warehouses Unearthed from Tombs in the Warring States Period and Western Han Dynasty

Author(s):: QUAN Bicheng1 2 XU Weimin2; （1.Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi’an 710054；2.School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127）

Keywords:: arc-walled clay warehouse; the Warring States to Western Han Dynasty; warehouse; architectural structure

摘要:: 战国至西汉墓葬出土的模型明器中常见一类弧壁陶仓，器物整体上广下敛，下腹部至底部内收明显。此类陶仓长期以来被当作修建于地面的单体仓房，很少考虑“弧壁”作为建筑结构所发挥的功能。通过文献及结构功能分析，“弧壁”现象可能与地下建筑有关。弧壁陶仓反映了当时“地下仓窖+地上仓房”的组合式仓储建筑特点。西汉中期以后，陶仓逐渐由“弧壁”转变为“直壁”，仓储类模型明器的主要面貌也从弧壁陶仓变为多层的陶仓楼。木构建筑技术的发展成熟是弧壁陶仓消失的重要原因。

Abstract:: A type of arc-walled pottery warehouse is common in the model ware excavated from the tombs from the Warring States to the Western Han Dynasty, and the overall utensils are wide and downward, and the lower abdomen to the bottom adduction is obvious. Such pottery warehouses have long been used as single warehouses built on the ground, with little consideration of the function of "arc walls" as building structures.Through literature and structural function analysis, the phenomenon of "arc wall" may be related to underground buildings.The arc-walled pottery warehouse reflects the combined warehousing building of "underground warehouse cellar + above-ground warehouse" at that time. After the middle of the Western Han Dynasty, the pottery warehouse gradually changed from "arc wall" to "straight wall", and the main appearance of warehousing model Ming ware also changed from arc wall pottery warehouse to multi-storey pottery warehouse building.The development and maturity of wood construction technology is an important reason for the disappearance of arc wall pottery warehouses.