职业指导与民国时期乡村救济改良-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Vocational Guidance and Its Effect on the Improvement of Rural Relief during the Period of the Republic of China

Author(s):: JING Bing1 WANG Wei-ping2; （1.School of Marxism Studies， Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018;2.School of Society, Soochow University, Soochow 215123）

摘要:: 民国时期科学意义上的职业指导从西方被介绍到中国。20世纪20年代以后，受一些专家、组织的推动，职业指导也介入到乡村的救济改良中，试图通过培养青年服务农村意识、改良乡村传统职业观念、开拓乡村择业视野、激发乡村创业热情等，与其它救济改良措施配合，来解决乡村问题、推动农村复兴。民国时期职业指导在乡村救济改良方面虽然只是一种尝试，但从长远来看，对乡村社会发展仍有着特殊的意义。

Abstract:: The vocational guidance in the scientific sense was introduced to China from the West in the period of the Republic of China. After 1920s, some experts and organizations practiced vocational guidance in the rural area of China. They wanted to use vocational guidance to cultivate youth’s awareness of serving rural area, change the rural people’s traditional vocational concept, broaden the vision of choose vocation in rural area, and stimulate the enthusiasm of Entrepreneurship in rural area. They wanted to use vocational guidance to solve the problems of Chinese rural area and revive the rural society together with other reform measures. Although it was just an attempt that the vocational guidance was practiced in rural area in the period of the Republic of China, the vocational guidance was a special significance to the development of Chinese rural area in the long term.