1948年冀鲁豫边区的迷信活动与中国共产党的应对-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Superstitious Activities in Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region in 1948 and the Communist Party of China’s Response

Author(s):: ZHANG Chun-peng; （College of Marxism, Peking University, Beijing 100871）

Keywords:: Hebei-shandong-Henan border region; the Communist Party of China’s response; rural construction

摘要:: 迷信活动是冀鲁豫边区长期以来未能解决的难题，关联着当地的政治、经济、文化，其中1948年的迷信活动尤为活跃。频繁的烧香磕头、取水治病等活动承载着民众躲灾避祸的诉求，同时有的迷信团体也散布谣言、组织暴动，造成了群众思想混乱、社会动荡不安，这都与中国共产党的革命目标相悖。为此，1948年初边区党委就着手应对迷信活动，但部分地区强迫命令的做法反而使活动愈演愈烈。此后，边区党委从民众生存利益出发调整政策，纠正强迫命令的做法，兼具原则与弹性的工作方式扭转了先前局面。边区党委对迷信活动的应对作为系统性的工程，将发展经济、教育民众、稳定秩序、改善医疗等相结合，支援了解放战争的胜利，也为日后的乡村建设奠定了基础。

Abstract:: Superstition was a long-standing unsolved problem in Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region, which was related to the local politics, economy and culture, especially in 1948. Frequent activities such as burning incense and kowtowing, taking water to cure diseases, etc. carried people’s demands to avoid disasters. Meanwhile, some superstitious groups also spreaded rumors and organized riots, resulting in ideological confusion of the masses and social unrest, all of which are contrary to the Communist Party of China(CPC)’s revolutionary goals. Therefore, in the early 1948, the Border Region Party Committee began to deal with superstitious activities, however the command to coerce in some areas intensified the activities. Since then, the Border Region Party Committee has amended its own policies and orders out of the people’s survival , and its working style with both principles and flexibility has reversed the previous situation. As a systematic project, the response of the Border Region Party Committee to superstitious activities combined economic development, educating the people, stabilizing order and improving medical care, which supported the victory of the War of Liberation and laid the foundation for future rural construction.