[1]程民生.宋代菽豆的地位及功用[J].中国农史,2023,42(02):3-15.
　CHENG Min-sheng.Status and Functions of Shu Dou in the Song Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2023,42(02):3-15.
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宋代菽豆的地位及功用()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
42
期数:
2023年02期
页码:
3-15
栏目:
出版日期:
2023-04-29

文章信息/Info

Title:
Status and Functions of Shu Dou in the Song Dynasty
作者:
程民生
（河南大学 历史文化学院，河南 开封475001）
Author(s):
CHENG Min-sheng
（School of History and Culture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001）
关键词:
大豆;  主粮;  菽水;  医药;  宋代
Keywords:
soybean;  staple food grain;  soybean and water;  medicine;  the Song dynasty
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
菽豆种植在宋代得到广泛普及，还出现新品种蚕豆并引进西天绿豆，形成了北麦、南稻、全国豆的新格局。从而扩大了南方旱地山地的垦殖率，改善了粮食结构，菽豆作为主要农作物之一，也是底层百姓的主粮。从日常饮食、饲料、烧饭取暖来看，菽豆是民众生存的基本物质条件，官方对菽豆的需求量也很大，是宋代民众消费量最大也即产量最大的粮食。副食的功能更大，豆油、酱油的诞生、豆腐的命名、豆酱的必备，显示宋代对菽豆的进一步开发和更多依赖。在宋代社会经济史中，菽豆的作用不亚于稻麦，而在养地、治病防病和食品方面的作用超过其它所有农作物。宋人将其推向德配天地的文化高度。
Abstract:
Motivated by the popularization of the cultivation of soybean (Glycine max) (commonly known as Shu Dou in ancient Chinese), the emergence of a new variety of broad bean (Vicia faba?L.) and the introduction of western mung beans, a new pattern in China of cultivating wheat in the north, rice in the south and soybeans nationwide have taken shape in the Song dynasty, consequently enlarging the cropland cover fraction in the upland mountainous regions in southern China and improving the?structure?of grain?varieties. Shu Dou, one of the main crops and also the staple food of?common people in the bottom?of?the society, could be counted as the survival necessity for people’s livelihood in terms of daily diet, fodder making, cooking and heating. With an equally large official demand, Shu Dou became the food of the largest consumption as well as the highest production in the Song dynasty. A wide array of subsidiary food of Shu Dou, in the meantime, brought more diversified benefits. The creation of soybean oil and soy sauce, the naming of Tofu (bean curd), and the prevalence of soybean paste all demonstrate further developments and heavy reliance on Shu Dou in the Song dynasty. Shu Dou, an essential role no less than that of rice and wheat in the socio-economic history of the Song dynasty, played an unprecedentedly important part in soil cultivation, disease control and food processing than any other crops, and thus was bestowed by the Song people with the cultural value of the loftiest virtue.

相似文献/References:

[1]石 慧 王思明.相对优势地位的转变：中美大豆发展比较研究[J].中国农史,2018,37(05):56.
　SHI Hui WANG Si-ming.Shift of Status:Comparative Study on the Development of Soybean in China and the United States[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2018,37(02):56.

更新日期/Last Update: 2023-05-10