[1]杜新豪.明代中后期山东的稻作技术与稻米南销[J].中国农史,2023,42(05):42-50.
　DU Xinhao.Rice Cultivation Techniques and Southbound Rice Sales in Shandong in the Mid and Late Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2023,42(05):42-50.
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明代中后期山东的稻作技术与稻米南销()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
42
期数:
2023年05期
页码:
42-50
栏目:
出版日期:
2023-10-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Rice Cultivation Techniques and Southbound Rice Sales in Shandong in the Mid and Late Ming Dynasty
作者:
杜新豪
（中国科学院 自然科学史研究所，北京 100190）
Author(s):
DU Xinhao
（Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190）
关键词:
水稻; 旱稻; 水利灌溉; 斥卤; 流通; 海运
Keywords:
lowland rice;  upland rice;  water irrigation;  saline field;  circulation;  sea freight
分类号:
S-09；K210
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
明代中后期，山东的稻作主要分布在西部的小清河流域与大运河沿岸，中部的鲁中地区与沂沭河、潍河流域以及东部的沿海滩涂区。该地水、旱稻皆有一定的种植比例，除原有稻作区外，新增水稻种植区大多是在南方技术的帮助下开垦与种莳的，旱稻技术则是在当地发展起来的，且在滨海斥卤地种植技术上有所突破。北人不习食稻，多将其投入粮食市场，而彼时江南由于农业结构的调整，缺乏稻米，商人在往来山东沿海地区贩运大豆等农产品之时，将该地所产稻米一并带入江南市场。故而在余象斗编纂给商人使用的日用类书中，山东沿海的胶州与日照被列入全国性稻米市场的最北端之二。
Abstract:
In Shandong, rice cultivation could roughly be divided into three major regions in the mid and late Ming dynasty. The western region consisted of the Xiaoqinghe River basin and the areas along the Grand Canal; the middle region included the central Shandong area, the Yishuhe River basin and the Weihe River basin; and the eastern region referred to those coastal mudflats. Both upland and lowland rice were widely planted in Shandong. Except for those original rice cultivation areas, most incremental lowland rice cultivation areas were cleared, reclaimed and planted with the help of the techniques originated from southern China, while upland rice cultivation techniques were developed locally. Moreover, certain breakthroughs were achieved in saline fields in coastal areas. Not being accustomed to eat rice, the northern Chinese mainly sold their rice in grain markets. In the meantime, southern China lacked rice because of the adjustment to the agricultural structure at the time. While transporting and trading such agricultural produces as soybeans from coastal areas in Shandong, merchants also shipped the rice from such areas to markets in southern China. It is why Jiaozhou and Rizhao, which are situated along the coastline of Shandong, were referred to as two of the northmost national rice markets in the daily-use books compiled by Yu Xiangdou for merchants.

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[1]王 昊.环境与作物选择：唐宋时期河北平原的水稻种植[J].中国农史,2016,35(03):10.
　WANG Hao.Environment and the Choice of Crops：Tang and Song Dynasties of the Hebei Plain Rice Cultivation[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2016,35(05):10.
[2]赖 毅.南传佛教与傣族稻作生产[J].中国农史,2016,35(06):44.
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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-11-14