抗战胜利后天津的粮食供给困境与政府因应（1945

文章信息/Info

Title:: A Study on Tianjin’s Food Supply Predicament and the Government’s Response after the War of Resistance Against Japan （1945—1947）

Author(s):: YUAN Kaixuan WANG Xianming; （Faculty of History, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350）

Keywords:: Tianjin after the War of Resistance Against Japan; food problem; Ping Tiao; market regulation

摘要:: 抗战胜利后，天津面临着战争导致的粮荒与通货膨胀引起的粮价上涨困境，两者交织起伏，使供需矛盾突出。天津市政府通过向中央“求粮”获取敌伪存粮、开仓平粜，赴产区“购粮”增加储备、疏导粮源，同市场“争粮”促进流通、降低粮价，这在一定程度上缓解了粮食供给困境。然而，由于战后天津的市场网络大为缩小，粮源难以为继；通货膨胀无法控制，粮食首当其冲，市场无法正常运转；加之政策又违背经济规律，因而战后天津的粮食供给由最初的困境一步步走向“绝境”。

Abstract:: After the War of Resistance Against Japan, Tianjin was faced with the predicament of food shortage caused by the war and food price rise caused by inflation. The two intertwined ups and downs made a contradiction between supply and demand prominently. The Tianjin Municipal Government had to seek the consent of the central government to gain control over the grain in the warehouses in order to provide food for the people; to encourage merchants to go to the grain-producing areas to buy grain in order to increase warehousing; and to regulate the market in order to ensure the supply and reduce the price of grain, which to some extent alleviated the predicament of food supply. However, as the market network centered on Tianjin was greatly shrunk after the war, so that the food supply was unsustainable; inflation was difficult to control ,so that the grain market was difficult to operate normally; the market policy violated the economic law and was difficult to implement for a long time. As a result, the food supply predicament in Tianjin after the war couldn’t be resolved fundamentally.