小农户与现代农业发展之路——以费孝通的合作经济思想为中心-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Smallholders and the Path to Modern Agricultural Development: Centered on Fei Xiaotong’s Thoughts on Rural Cooperative Economy

Author(s):: ZHOU Dandan LI Wenheng; （College of Humanities and Development Studies, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091）

Keywords:: smallholders; modern agriculture; rural cooperative economy; rural social organism; human wholeness

摘要:: 费孝通的农村合作经济思想在20世纪上半期的合作思想版图中独具价值。1932—1934年间，费孝通以姐姐费达生的口吻撰写了三篇文章,这三篇文章作为一个思想整体，在近年来学界对费孝通的研究中被忽视。三篇文章对农村经济结构和农村合作经济的分析，展示了费孝通农村合作经济思想的初步面貌与实践构想，并成为他后续在《江村经济》《乡土重建》等作品中对乡村合作经济进一步思考的思想发轫。费孝通的合作经济思想，着眼于社会结构与社会再组织化，体现了社会学视域中乡村社会有机体的整体性，以及乡村社会中人之为人的整全性和非工具性价值。费孝通对合作经济所做的有价值的设计方案，为当前小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接的问题提供了具有历史视野的启发和借鉴。

Abstract:: Fei Xiaotong’s thought on rural cooperative economy held unique value in the landscape of cooperative thoughts in the first half of the 20th century.Between 1932 and 1934, Fei Xiaotong authored three articles in the name of his elder sister Fei Dasheng.Considered as an integrated ideological whole, these three articles have been overlooked in recent academic studies on Fei Xiaotong.The analysis of rural economic structure and rural cooperative economy presented in the three articles reveals the initial outline and practical concepts of Fei Xiaotong’s thoughts on rural cooperative economy, and serves as the ideological origin for his further reflections on rural cooperative economy in his subsequent works such as Peasant Life in China and Rural Reconstruction. Centered on social structure and social reorganization, Fei Xiaotong’s thoughts on cooperative economy embody the integrity of the rural social organism from a sociological perspective, as well as the wholeness and non-instrumental value of human beings as "humans" in rural society. The valuable design schemes for cooperative economy proposed by Fei Xiaotong offer historically informed insights and references for addressing the current issue of organic integration between smallholders and the development of modern agriculture.