[1]任继周 方锡良.中国城乡二元结构的生成、发展与消亡的农业伦理学诠释[J].中国农史,2017,36(04):83-92.
REN Ji-zhou FANG Xi-liang.Formation and Development of Urban-rural Dualistic Structure and Interpretation of Agricultural Ethics in China[J].SAMSON,2017,36(04):83-92.
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中国城乡二元结构的生成、发展与消亡的农业伦理学诠释(
)
《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]
- 卷:
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36
- 期数:
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2017年04期
- 页码:
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83-92
- 栏目:
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- 出版日期:
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2017-08-28
文章信息/Info
- Title:
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Formation and Development of Urban-rural Dualistic Structure and Interpretation of Agricultural Ethics in China
- 作者:
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任继周1 方锡良2
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（1.兰州大学 草地农业科技学院、草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730020；2.兰州大学 哲学社会学院，甘肃 兰州 730000）
- Author(s):
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REN Ji-zhou1 FANG Xi-liang2
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（1. School of Pastoral and Agricultural Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020 ;2. School of Philosophy and Sociology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000）
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- 关键词:
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城乡二元结构; 草地农业; 耕地农业; 伦理系统
- Keywords:
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urban-rural dualistic structure; agro-grassland system; cropland system; ethics system
- 分类号:
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S-09；K207
- 文献标志码:
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A
- 摘要:
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城市和乡村之间的区别全世界概莫能外。但城乡二元结构和在此基础上形成的伦理观，则为中华民族所独有。中华族群由游牧社会的草地农业发展为耕地农业之时，城廓也相偕发生。贵族和为贵族服务的人群居城廓，从事耕作的农业劳动者居乡野村落。随着社会的发展，城廓逐步发展为城市，相对于乡村出现日益明显的差别。前者为社会管理、资源占有和分配中枢，后者则拱卫城市安全，生产农耕产品，并为城市提供生存资料，形成中国特色的城乡二元结构，并在城乡两者之间自然衍发与之相适应的伦理系统。在中华民族数千年的发展过程中曾出现过不同的历史阶段和与之相应的伦理观，但城乡二元结构的本质却不曾改变，并使两者的分野日益明显，逐渐固化为城乡二元结构。这一结构雄踞传统农耕社会的文化伦理高地，影响深远。为更好地理解这一独特社会结构及其历史影响，我们有必要探索其生成、发展与消亡进程，明晰其历史功过，为创建新时期的农业伦理观提供参照。
- Abstract:
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The differences between urban and rural areas have existed all over the world but the fact that urban-rural dualistic structure and the ethics formed based on it was solely belong to China. Cities appeared in China when grassland agriculture of nomadic society transformed into cropland system, while people who engaged in farming dwelled in villages countryside. With the development of society, the quasi urban areas gradually developed into cities and became distinct from the rural areas. The cities were responsible for social management, became a center of resources possession and distribution, while the rural took on the role of safeguarding cities, producing agricultural goods and supplying resources for city dwellers. Thereby the urban-rural dualistic structure with China characteristics was formed and subsequently an ethical system appeared between urban and rural areas in order to couple with the dualistic situation. In thousands of years China went through various historical stages and correspondingly set up ethics which fit to the stages, but the essence of the urban-rural dualistic structure has kept no change, the distinction between the two areas became more obviousand gradually solidified. This structure occupied the top position of cultural ethics of traditional agricultural society with far-reaching influence. In order to understand this unique social structure and its historical impacts, it is necessary to explore its emerging, developing and disappearing process , to clarify its merits and demerits in the history and to provide a good reference for creating the agricultural ethics in the new era.
备注/Memo
- 备注/Memo:
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[收稿日期] 2017-06-16
[基金项目] 2016年国家社科基金西部项目——生态文明战略视域中的“中国农业伦理学”研究（16XZX013）
[作者简介] 任继周（1924- ），男，兰州大学草地农业科技学院教授、博士生导师，中国工程院院士，主要从事草地农业生态系统研究，近年来尤其致力于农业系统发展史和农业伦理学等方面的研究；方锡良（1977- ），男，兰州大学哲学社会学院副教授，主要从事马克思主义哲学、生态哲学与生态文明以及农业伦理学相关研究。
更新日期/Last Update:
1900-01-01