“弱者道之用”：农业起源的人类主观因素分析-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Use of the Weak Doctrine”: Human Subjective Factor Analysis of the Origin of Agriculture

Author(s):: FAN Zhi-min LI Yi-bo; （Institute of Chinese Agricultural History & Culture,Northwest A&F University,Key Laboratory of Traditional Agricultural Heritage of Minstry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100）

Keywords:: weak physical quality; subsistence inferiority; broad-spectrum hunting; be good at using external conditions; agricultural origin

摘要:: 关于农业起源的环境变化说、人口压力说、技术进步说，都未能就农业的起源形成令人信服的结论。在前农业时代，在很长的历史时段里人类很可能是以整个生物界中相对弱者的身份或地位出现的。生存劣势迫使人类积极探寻有别于其他生物的生存能力与生存空间，此或是原始农业起源的契机之一。在满足基本饮食需求以维持生命的问题上，人类被迫接受“广谱采猎”模式，起初只是对不稳定的食物资源的一种动态适应而已。人类选择生存环境不太严酷的中纬度地区，在资源的供给与胁迫交互作用下，迫使人类在采集渔猎之外谋求新的生存途径与方式。“弱者道之用”，人类的农业活动是基于自身的弱质性而被迫采取的应对外在自然环境的一种生存方式，是权衡利弊得失之后自我选择之结果。

Abstract:: The theory of environmental changes, population pressure and technological progress on the origin of agriculture have failed to form a convincing conclusion on the origin of agriculture. In the pre-agricultural era, humans were likely to have emerged from a long history as a relatively weak person or status in the entire biological world. The existence disadvantage forces human beings to actively explore the ability and living space different from other living things, which is one of the opportunities of the origin of primitive agriculture. When it comes to meeting basic dietary needs to sustain life, humans are forced to embrace the "broad-spectrum hunting" model, which is initially just a dynamic adaptation to unstable food resources. Human beings choose middle latitudes where the living environment is not too harsh. Under the interaction of resource supply and stress, human beings are forced to seek new ways and ways of survival in addition to fishing and hunting."The use of the weak doctrine", human agricultural activities are based on their own weak nature and are forced to adopt a way of living in the natural environment, which is the result of weighing the advantages and disadvantages of self selection.