从新出简牍看西汉后期南京的农业经济-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research on the Agricultural Economy of Nanjing in the Late Western Han Dynasty from the Newly Unearthed Bamboo Slips

Author(s):: ZHANG Meng-han; （College of History, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 102488）

Keywords:: Tangyi; Nanjing; agricultural economy; Donghai County; Late Western Han Dynasty

摘要:: 通过分析《堂邑元寿二年要具簿》，并参证传世文献和其他出土文献，可以发现西汉后期堂邑县不论人口规模、户均人数，还是垦田面积及其占土地资源的比重，抑或平均亩产量，都达到了当时农业经济的较高水平。研究表明，汉代垦田存在应收田租垦田面积和实际征收田租垦田面积之分。前者即垦田总面积，后者则是去除免征田租垦田面积后的垦田数。据此可重新估算东海郡的平均亩产量至少在两石左右。此外，由堂邑县农业经济繁荣的事实，还可推论与其一江之隔的秣陵、江乘、湖熟和句容，农业经济发展程度也应较高。西汉后期的六合和南京主城区在经济发展上已位于江淮地区的前列。

Abstract:: Through the analysis of "Tangyi Yuanshou 2nd Year Yao Ju Bu" and the references of historical documents and other unearthed documents, we can find that in the late Western Han Dynasty, Tangyi’s population size, average number of households, and the proportion of cultivated land in land resources, and the average yield per Mu has reached the developed level of agricultural economy at that time. It can be further discovered from the "Yao Ju Bu" that the land reclamation area receivable in the Han Dynasty is different from the land reclamation area actually levied on rent. The former is the total area of cultivated land, and the latter is the number of cultivated land after excluding the area of cultivated land that does not need to pay tax. Based on this, the average yield per mu in Donghai County can be re-estimated. In addition, from the fact that Tangyi is economically developed, it can be inferred that Moling, Jiangcheng, Hushu and Jurong, which are separated by a river from Tangyi, should also have a relatively developed agricultural economy. The main urban areas of Liuhe and Nanjing in the late Western Han Dynasty were already at the forefront of the Jianghuai area in terms of economic development.