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　XIE Jian.Township Government and Modern Grassroots Social Governance：Taking Bishan County as the Center During the Period of Nanjing National Government[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2020,39(06):100-110.
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乡镇政权与基层社会治理——以南京国民政府时期璧山县为中心()

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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

Title:: Township Government and Modern Grassroots Social Governance：Taking Bishan County as the Center During the Period of Nanjing National Government

Author(s):: XIE Jian; （College of Marxism, the Rear of the Anti-Japanese War Study Centre of Chongqing， Southwest University, Chongqing 400715）

Keywords:: township government; social governance; Grass roots rule of law; Social Administration

摘要:: 以清末、北洋的基层建制为基础，南京国民政府时期县以下区域形成了以乡镇公所为核心的乡镇政权，这既是近代国家权力下移的结果，也是近代基层社会治理方式的重要突破。通过以南京国民政府时期璧山县为个案而进行的分析，可以发现在乡村警察制度不完备的背景之下，乡镇政权承担着维持社会治安、协助司法、调解人民纠纷等职能。这些职能凸显了乡镇政权的社会治理属性，为安定乡村社会做出了重要贡献。虽然这一时期乡镇政权在基层治理的实践中存在不少问题，但就整个近代以来的保护财产、维持社会稳定的民众需求而言，其作用不可忽视。

Abstract:: Based on the Grass-roots System in the late Qing Dynasty and Beiyang Government, the township government was formed in the areas below the county level in the period of Nanjing National Government. This is not only the result of the downward movement of state power, but also an important breakthrough in the way of modern grass-roots social governance. Through the analysis of Bishan County during the period of Nanjing National Government, it can be found that under the background of the incomplete rural police system, the township government undertakes the functions of maintaining social order, assisting the judiciary, mediating people’s disputes and so on. These functions highlight the social governance attribute of the township government and make an important contribution to the stability of rural society. Although there are many problems in the practice of grass-roots governance of the township government in this period, the role of the township government can not be ignored in terms of the whole modern public demand to protect property and maintain social stability.

[1]陈瑞.明清徽州官府和地方社会对假命图赖问题的管控与治理[J].中国农史,2020,39(01):90.
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[2]陈瑞.明清时期徽州境内的社会治安管控——基于组织机构设置与运作视域的考察[J].中国农史,2023,42(04):122.
　CHEN Rui.Public Order Control in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties：Based on the Perspective of the Organizations’ Establishment and Operation[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2023,42(06):122.

更新日期/Last Update: 2021-01-13