[1]陈 瑞.明清时期徽州境内的社会治安管控——基于组织机构设置与运作视域的考察[J].中国农史,2023,42(04):122-138.
　CHEN Rui.Public Order Control in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties：Based on the Perspective of the Organizations’ Establishment and Operation[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2023,42(04):122-138.
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明清时期徽州境内的社会治安管控——基于组织机构设置与运作视域的考察()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
42
期数:
2023年04期
页码:
122-138
栏目:
出版日期:
2023-08-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Public Order Control in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties：Based on the Perspective of the Organizations’ Establishment and Operation
作者:
陈 瑞
（安徽大学 徽学研究中心，安徽 合肥 230039）
Author(s):
CHEN Rui
（Center for Hui Studies, Anhui University, Hefei 230039）
关键词:
明清; 徽州; 社会治安; 组织机构; 社会治理
Keywords:
Ming and Qing Dynasties;  Huizhou;  social security;  organization;  social governance
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以往学界对于明清地方社会治安的研究，多从狭义视角来理解，主要集中于保甲体系治安监控职能的探讨。文章尝试突破单一视角，将巡检司、卫所、绿营、乡约、团练、巡警局等较多发挥社会治安管控职能的组织或机构共同纳入讨论范围，并基于组织机构设置与运作的视域，对明清徽州地方社会治安管控做一广义视角的研究。研究提出：在明清时期的不同阶段，封建官府和民间社会基于地方社会治安形势的变化和基层社会治理的需要，在徽州境内设置巡检司、卫所、绿营、保甲、乡约、团练、巡警局等一系列具有社会治安管控职能的组织或机构。这些组织或机构在管控地方社会治安、稳定地方社会秩序、致力地方社会治理方面发挥了一定的积极作用。上述组织或机构在实际运作过程中，基于运作的便利、效率或成本等方面的考虑，相互之间有时存在着协同配合和资源借用、整合的情形，主要体现为：巡检司的运作有时借用地方里甲、保甲组织的人力资源；乡约、保甲两种组织在运作过程中时常相互结合、渗透，有时则借用里甲组织的资源；团练组织与保甲组织的运作有时相辅而行；乡约、保甲、团练等组织的运作多与宗族结合，能得到宗族组织的支持与配合。
Abstract:
The previous studies on the local public order in Ming and Qing dynasties were mainly focused on the monitoring function of Baojia（保甲） system from a narrow perspective. This article tries to break through the single angle of view that only discusses the local public order around Baojia, Xunjiansi（巡检司）,Weisuo（卫所）, Luying（绿营）,Township treaty（乡约）,Tuanlian（团练）, Xunjingju（巡警局） and other more social security control functions of organizations or institutions also included in the scope of discussion. Based on the perspective of the establishment and operation of organizations, this paper makes a study of the management and control of local public security in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing dynasties from a broad perspective. This paper holds that: in the different stages of the Ming and Qing dynasties, based on the changes in the local social security situation and the needs of social governance at the grass-roots level, the feudal government and the civil society set up a series of organizations or institutions with the functions of public security control, such as Xunjiansi, Weisuo, Luying, Baojia, Township treaty, Tuanlian, Xunjingju, etc. These organizations or institutions have played a positive role in controlling the local public order, stabilizing the local social order and contributing to the local social governance. In the course of their actual operation, these organizations or institutions sometimes cooperated with each other, borrowed and integrated resources on the basis of considerations of convenience, efficiency or cost of operation. The operation of the Xunjiansi sometimes borrowed the human resources of local organizations in Lijia（里甲） and Baojia system. The Township treaty and Baojia organizations often combined and infiltrated each other in the process of operation, and sometimes borrowed the resources of Lijia organization.The Tuanlian and Baojia organization sometimes complement each other. The operation of Township treaty, Baojia, Tuanlian and other organizations usually associated with clans, and can get their support and cooperation.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-09-19