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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:

40

期数:

2021年01期

页码:

13-21

栏目:

出版日期:

2021-02-04

文章信息/Info

Title:

Utilization of Plant Resources in Longshan Period in the Central China：Take Shangcun Site in Xinxiang City Henan Province as an Example

作者:

刘 真1 黎海明2 张自强3 郭 强3 李 虎4 贾 鑫1

（1.南京师范大学 地理科学学院，江苏 南京 210023； 2.南京农业大学 中华农业文明研究院/人文与社会发展学院/农业考古研究中心，江苏 南京 210095； 3.新乡市文物考古研究所，河南 新乡 453000；4.河南师范大学 历史文化学院，河南 新乡 453007）

Author(s):

LIU Zhen1 LI Hai-ming2 ZHANG Zi-qiang3 GUO Qiang3 LI Hu4 JIA Xin

(1. School of Geography，Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023; 2. Institution of Chinese Agricultural Civilization, College of Humanities & Social Development, Agricultural Archaeology Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095; 3.Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453000; 4. School of History and Cluture, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007）

关键词:

龙山时期; 豫北地区; 植物遗存; 农业结构

Keywords:

Longshan Period;  Northern Henan;  plant remains;  agricultural structure

分类号:

S-09；K207

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

尚村遗址位于河南省新乡市，是豫北一处龙山文化时期的遗址。2018年在尚村遗址的发掘过程中，我们采用针对性采样法在遗址发掘区采集土样11份，并进行了浮选。浮选获得了丰富的炭化植物遗存，包括粟、黍和大麦三种农作物，以及其他 6种杂草类和一些果壳类等非农作物植物遗存。浮选结果显示，粟的绝对数量和出土概率最高，黍次之，未见水稻、大豆，说明以尚村遗址为代表的豫北地区龙山时期的农业结构应该是以粟黍为主的北方旱作农业。此外，尚村遗址发现葡萄和一些碎果壳，说明当时人类还从事植物采集活动，这可能是一种辅助类农业生产活动。通过与中原地区其他遗址浮选结果进行对比，得出中原地区龙山文化时期豫北地区以种植粟和黍两种旱地作物为主，豫西南地区以种植水稻为主，豫中地区为稻旱混作的特点。本次植物遗存的研究为探讨豫北地区农业结构特点提供了新的思考，加强了我们对中原地区龙山文化时期农业生产的区域性认识。

Abstract:

The Shangcun site is located in Xinxiang City, Henan Province, it’s an archaeological site of Longshan period in northern Henan Province. During the excavation of Shangcun site in 2018,11 soil samples from the site excavation area were collected by diagnostic sampling strategy and carried out flotation. Abundant carbonized plant remains were obtained by flotation, including three crops of foxtail millet, broomcorn millet and barley, as well as non-agricultural plant remains of six other grass weeds and some fruit shell. The flotation results showed that the absolute quantity and ubiquity of foxtail millet were the highest, followed by broomcorn millet, and no rice and soybean were found, which indicated that the agricultural structure of the Longshan period represented by Shangcun site should be the northern dry-land agriculture dominated by foxtail millet and broomcorn millet. In addition, grapesand some broken fruit shells were found in Shangcun site, indicating that human beings were also engaged in some plant gathering activities, which may be an auxiliary agricultural production behavior.By comparing with the flotation results of other sites in the Central China, it is concluded that in the period of Longshan period, foxtail millet and broomcorn millet were mainly planted in northern Henan,rice are mainly planted in southwest Henan, and the Central Henan is mainly the mixture of wet-dryfarming area. This archaeobotanical study provide a new thinking for exploring the characteristics of agricultural structure in northern Henan Province, and strengthens our understanding of the region agricultural production in the period of Longshan Culture in the Central China.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2021-03-11