[1]晋 文.秦汉魏晋南北朝土地制度的嬗变[J].中国农史,2021,40(03):56-64.
　JIN Wen.The Evolution of the Land System in Qin, Han, Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2021,40(03):56-64.
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秦汉魏晋南北朝土地制度的嬗变()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
40
期数:
2021年03期
页码:
56-64
栏目:
出版日期:
2021-06-04

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Evolution of the Land System in Qin, Han, Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties
作者:
晋 文
（南京师范大学 历史系，江苏 南京 210097）
Author(s):
JIN Wen
（Department of History, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097）
关键词:
秦汉;  魏晋南北朝;  土地国有;  土地私有;  嬗变
Keywords:
Qin and Han Dynasties;  Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties;  state-owned land;  private ownership of land;  evolution
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在民田占有制度上，秦汉魏晋南北朝时期是沿着土地国有变成土地私有为主、再从土地私有又变成土地国有为主的轨迹运行的。无论是战国、秦代的授田制和赐田制，还是汉初的名田（授田）制，抑或魏晋南北朝时期的屯田制、占田制和均田制，均具有鲜明的时代特点，是顺应历史和社会发展的产物。秦汉土地私有制的发展曾极大调动了地主和农民的积极性，但由此产生的土地兼并也是最终导致其土地制度被完全破坏的主因。魏晋南北朝时期土地国有制的发展也最终要让位于效率更高的土地私有制，这是历史和社会发展的大趋势。秦汉魏晋南北朝土地制度的嬗变，还给后世留下了许多宝贵的经验和教训。
Abstract:
In the Qin, Han, Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties, the system of land occupied by the people mainly moved along the path of state-owned land to private ownership of land, and then changed from private ownership of land to state-owned land. Whether it is the land granting system and the land bestowing system of the Warring States and the Qin dynasty, or the Mingtian (grant land) system of the early Han dynasty, the Military-cultivated land system, the land occupation system and the Average-land system of the Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties, they have distinct characteristic of the time. They are the product conforming to the development of history and social. The development of the private ownership of land in the Qin and Han dynasties greatly aroused the enthusiasm of the landlords and farmers, but the land annexation caused by it was also the main reason that led to the complete destruction of their land system. The development of state-owned land in the Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties would eventually give place to the private ownership of land which is more efficient, and it is the general trend of history and social development. The evolution of land system in the Qin, Han, Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties also left many valuable experience and lessons to future generations.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2021-07-18