淮河下游的史前农业文明——兼论“栽培的稻”与“栽培稻”-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Prehistoric Agricultural Civilization in the Lower Reaches of the Huai River: On "Cultivated Rice" and Cultivated Rice

Keywords:: The lower reaches of the Huai River; The prehistoric period; "Cultivated rice"; Cultivated rice; agricultural civilization

摘要:: 淮河流域是我国粳型稻作农业的起源地，淮河下游的泗洪顺山集遗址发现了距今9000—7000年的稻作遗存，高邮龙虬庄遗址发现了距今6600—5500年的稻作遗存。通过稻米粒型的观察，发现距今5800—5500年之间的炭化稻已具有无芒、非落粒性、大粒化等一系列的栽培稻性状，为我国最早的栽培稻；根据淮河下游稻作遗存的发现，可将我国的稻作农业划分为野生稻——“栽培的稻”——栽培稻三个发展阶段，淮河下游率先完成了由“栽培的稻”——“栽培稻”的驯化，淮河下游的农业文明为中华文明的起源做出了应有的贡献。

Abstract:: The Huai River basin is the origin of japonica-type rice farming in China, and rice farming remains dating from 9000 to 7000 years ago have been found at the Shunshanji site in Sihong in the lower reaches of the Huaihe River, and 6600 to 5500 years ago at the Longquzhuang site in Gaoyou. Based on the observation of rice grain type, it is found that the carbonized rice from 5800 to 5500 years ago has a series of cultivated rice characters such as no aunting, non-shattering and large grain, which is the earliest cultivated rice in our country. According to the discovery of the rice remains below the Huai River, the rice agriculture of our country can be divided into three development stages of wild rice -- "cultivated rice" -- cultivated rice, and the domestication from "cultivated rice" -- cultivated rice was completed in the lower reaches of the Huai River, and the agricultural civilization below the Huai River makes due contribution to the origin of Chinese civilization.