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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:

42

期数:

2023年04期

页码:

33-43

栏目:

出版日期:

2023-08-30

文章信息/Info

Title:

Transformation of Spring Wheats into Winter Wheats : A Key Link for the Indigenization of Wheats

作者:

任文洁 刘兴林

（南京大学 历史学院，江苏 南京 210023）

Author(s):

REN Wenjie LIU Xinglin

（School of History, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023）

关键词:

先秦时期; 冬小麦; 春小麦; 本土化

Keywords:

wheat;  winter wheat;  spring wheat;  indigenization

分类号:

S-09；K207

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

先秦时期黄河中下游地区种植的小麦是冬麦还是春麦，是一个关系到如何评价麦作农业历史贡献与社会意义的关键问题。充分借鉴和利用现代农学知识，综合阐释考古材料和文献史料揭示的内涵可以发现：最初传入黄河中下游地区的小麦是春性且在春季播种的春麦，在长期的种植实践中，春麦在中原地区率先完成了冬性化过程，成为在秋冬季节播种、越冬生长的冬麦。春麦完成向冬麦的转变，更好地适应了黄河中下游地区的自然环境，更为稳定地嵌入到当地固有的作物结构中，成为小麦本土化进程中极为关键的环节。

Abstract:

During the pre-Qin period, the wheat grown in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River was winter wheat or spring wheat is still a controversial academic proposition. Based on modern agronomic knowledge, and the connotations revealed by archaeological materials and historical documents are interpreted comprehensively. There is a new analytical framework maybe could resolve well this controversy. Firstly, the wheat initially introduced to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River was springness and sown in spring, in practice, the springness has transformed winterness and sown in winter. The transformation has made wheat better adapted to the natural environment of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and more stably embedded in the local agricultural structure, which has become an extremely critical link in the process of wheat indigenization.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-09-19