国家主导：汉唐时期苜蓿在西北地区的推广管理-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Popularization and Management of Alfalfa in Northwest China during the Han and Tang Dynasties

Author(s):: LI Xinxin1 HE Hongzhong2; （1.College of Marxism, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025;2.School of Economics, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing 211815）

摘要:: 作为重要牧草，苜蓿自引种中原后，汉唐王朝十分重视它的推广种植与系统管理。在汉廷主导下，苜蓿逐步从关中推广至北方各边郡。悬泉汉简不仅保留了当时购买使用苜蓿的记录，还显示当地存在征缴、储藏与巡查苜蓿的管理活动。魏晋时期，苜蓿已广泛种植于天山南北，吐鲁番文书等材料显示人们格外关注苜蓿的生长与收获，此外苜蓿还是西域各国廪给、税收与劳役征发的重要对象。唐代，伴随着驿传交通建设，唐王朝对苜蓿种植、配给、使用的管理已形成一定制度。开元年间，西至吐鲁番，东至关中的西北各地都种植着一定面积的苜蓿。汉唐时期苜蓿在西北地区的推广种植与系统管理对“汉唐气象”的生成，以及我国农牧业发展均产生了重要影响。

Abstract:: As an important pasture, since alfalfa was introduced into China, Han and Tang Dynasties attached great importance to its promotion, planting and systematic management. Under the leadership of the Han Dynasty, alfalfa was gradually extended from Guanzhong to northern counties. The Xuanquan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty not only kept the record of purchasing and using alfalfa at that time, but also showed that there were local management activities of collecting, storing and patrolling alfalfa. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, alfalfa has been widely planted in the north and south of Tianshan Mountains. Materials such as Turpan documents showed that people paid special attention to the growth and harvest of alfalfa. In addition, alfalfa was also an important object of forest supply, taxation and labor collection in Western Regions. In the Tang Dynasty, along with the post transportation construction, the Tang Dynasty has formed a certain system for the management of alfalfa planting, distribution and use. During the Kaiyuan period, a certain area of alfalfa was planted in the northwest from Turpan in the west to Guanzhong in the east. The extension and systematic management of alfalfa in northwest China during the Han and Tang Dynasties had an important impact on the formation of "Han and Tang scene" and the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in China.