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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:

44

期数:

2025年03期

页码:

102-115

栏目:

出版日期:

2025-06-28

文章信息/Info

Title:

Technological Iterations and Development Pathways in Chinese Egg Processing (1887-1937)

作者:

赵慧斌 胡英泽

（山西大学 中国社会史研究中心，山西 太原 030006）

Author(s):

ZHAO Huibin HU Yingze

（Research Center for Chinese Social History, Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006)

关键词:

蛋业; 技术; 市场结构; 经济演化; 路径依赖

Keywords:

egg industry;  technology;  market structure;  economic evolution;  path dependence

分类号:

S-09；K215

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

19世纪末期，得益于土法制蛋技术的引入，中国蛋品出口贸易兴起。土法蛋厂依托中国广泛、廉价的劳动力资源和鲜蛋资源，制成干蛋、湿蛋，在区域社会中迅速发展。1910年左右，洋商蛋厂改用新式技术制造蛋粉和冰蛋，经济发达地区的华商蛋厂逐步跟进。各类蛋品在市场定位与出口需求方面存在差异，经由国内不同区域的口岸进行输出。资本和技术的差异导致华洋蛋厂在地理空间分布上经历了明显的经济演化过程，同时受区域文化和商业习惯的影响，进一步造成不同蛋品在经济空间中存在结构性的互补关系，强化了区域社会中蛋业演进的路径依赖。这是一种基于资本主义通过技术控制产品市场，进而依托不同经济区位之间的生产要素进行资源配置的发展路径。

Abstract:

At the end of the 19th century, the export trade of Chinese eggs emerged thanks to the introduction of traditional egg production technology. Relying on China’s abundant and inexpensive labour and fresh egg resources, local egg factories produced dry and wet eggs, which developed rapidly in regional societies. Around 1910, the foreign egg factories switched to the new technology of producing powdered and iced eggs, and the Chinese egg factories in the economically developed regions gradually followed suit. Different types of egg products, with different market positioning and export demand, were exported through ports in different areas of the country. Differences in capital and technology meant that the Chinese and foreign egg factories experienced a distinct economic development process in their spatial distribution. On the other hand, the influence of regional culture and business habits led to structural complementarities between different egg products in the economic space, reinforcing the path dependency of the development of the egg industry in regional societies. This is a path of development based on capitalism’s control of the product market through technology, which in turn is based on the allocation of resources by factors of production between different economic locations.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-07-19