[1]刘 鹏.秦代地方禀食的几个问题[J].中国农史,2018,37(01):57-68.
　LIU Peng.Several Issues on the Distribution of Grain by Local Government of the Qin Dynasty[J].SAMSON,2018,37(01):57-68.
点击复制

秦代地方禀食的几个问题()
分享到：

《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
37
期数:
2018年01期
页码:
57-68
栏目:
出版日期:
2018-02-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Several Issues on the Distribution of Grain by Local Government of the Qin Dynasty
文章编号:
1000-4459（2018）01-0057-12
作者:
刘 鹏
（南京师范大学 历史系，江苏 南京 201197）
Author(s):
LIU Peng
（Department of History, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 201197）
关键词:
秦代; 禀食; 仓守; 乡守; 里耶秦简
Keywords:
Qin dynasty;  grain distribution;  Cangshou; Xiangshou;  Liye Qin bamboo slips
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
里耶秦简中有大量地方政府禀食的记录，其出粮方式包括“出禀”和“出食”两种。“出禀”对象十分广泛，但一般不包括城旦、舂、鬼薪、白粲。通常来说，“出禀”多采用按月出粮的方式，单独发放给个人；“出食”则按日出粮，发放给多人。禀食的作物种类有粟、稻、菽、麦等，其中粟最为普遍，稻次之。秦统一前法定的隶臣月“禾二石”是指二石粝米，但实际禀给时仍有可能折合成原粮；秦统一后基本都以加工粮为主。仓的主管官员“仓”或“仓守”略有区别，一般轮流主持一个季度的禀食工作。此外，秦代地方政府“出禀”多在月初进行，一般发放当月口粮。
Abstract:
There were lots of records about the distribution of grain by the local government of the Qin Dynasty, including both “chubing” and “chushi”. And the former’s objects were rather diverse except these kinds of criminals such as Chengdan, Chong, Guixin and Baican. Normally, “Chubing” took the way of monthly distribution, which issued to individual. By contrast, “Chushi” was daily distribution and issued to many people. The types of crops issued covered millet, rice, beans and wheat, and the millet was the most common one, followed by rice. Before the unification of Qin, the He, legal rations of Lichen, referred to Limi, but it might be converted into raw grain in the actual distribution. However, the rations were basically processing food in Qin dynasty. The county granary’s competent official “Cang” or “Cangshou” was different from each other, and generally presided over a quarter of the work in turn. In addition, the local government generally issued grain at the beginning of the month, and distributed the rations of that month.

相似文献/References:

[1]晋 文.秦代确有算赋辨——与臧知非先生商榷[J].中国农史,2018,37(05):48.
　JIN Wen.Analysis of the Existence about Suanfu(Poll Tax)in the Qin Dynasty—— Discuss with Mr. Zang zhifei[J].SAMSON,2018,37(01):48.
[2]谢 坤.岳麓秦简涉仓诸律所见秦仓制考述[J].中国农史,2016,35(06):65.
　XIE Kun.Analysis on the Storehouse System of Qin Dynasty Based on YueLu Academy’s Qin Bamboo Slips[J].SAMSON,2016,35(01):65.
[3]谢 坤.出土简牍所见秦代仓、廥的设置与管理[J].中国农史,2019,38(03):46.
　XIE Kun.The Establishment and Management of the Warehouses and Kuai Reflected in the Unearthed Qin Bamboo Slips[J].SAMSON,2019,38(01):46.
[4]谢 坤.简牍所见秦代地方稟食原则再探[J].中国农史,2020,39(05):65.
　XIE Kun.Further Exploration on the Basic Principles of Grain Distribution by Local Governments in the Qin Dynasty Seen from Qin Bamboo Slips[J].SAMSON,2020,39(01):65.
[5]谢 坤.简牍所见秦地方稟食的粮食来源与出稟程序[J].中国农史,2022,41(03):66.
　XIE Kun.The Source of Grain and the Procedure of Local Grain Distribution in the Qin Dynasty Seen on the Bamboo Slips[J].SAMSON,2022,41(01):66.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
[收稿日期] 2017-07-02
[作者简介] 刘鹏（1989- ），男，南京师范大学历史系博士生，研究方向为先秦秦汉史。
更新日期/Last Update: 2018-10-26