中国茶在波斯、阿拉伯地区的早期传播-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: CHEN Chun-xiao; （Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100081）

摘要:: 中国茶叶和饮茶习俗的西传，为世界文明带来了深远的影响。但茶叶在西亚地区的早期传播历史，一直不甚明了。中古时代的波斯、阿拉伯文献显示，9—10世纪时，波斯、阿拉伯人就对中国的茶叶和中国人的饮茶习惯有了一定的认识。除了音译名称cha之外，他们还以“中国之王”这个名称来称呼茶。至蒙元时期，波斯人对中国人产茶、制茶、种茶、茶税等各方面知识都了解得更加深入，并曾尝试在伊朗引种茶树。在茶叶西传西亚地区的早期阶段，它更多地是作为一种药物而非饮品被引介，并成为东西方物质文明交流的名品。

Abstract:: The spread of Chinese tea and tea-drinking customs to the west has had a profound impact on world civilization. But the early history of the spread of tea in Western Asia has been unclear. Medieval Persian and Arabic literature show that from the 9th to 10th centuries, Persians and Arabs had a certain knowledge of Chinese tea and Chinese tea-drinking customs. In addition to the transliterated name "cha", they also called tea as "king of China". During the Mongol era, Persians learned more about tea production, tea making, tea planting, tea taxation and other aspects of tea in China, and tried transplanting tea trees in Iran. In the early stage of spreading westward, tea was introduced as a medicine more than as a drink. Tea plays an important role in the material exchange between East and West.