[1]谢 祺.清代湘黔苗疆的粮饷供给模式及其分化原因探析[J].中国农史,2021,40(04):59-69.
　XIE Qi.Study on the Causes of the Differentiation of Grain and Rate Supply Mode in Hunan, Guizhou and Miao Areas in Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2021,40(04):59-69.
点击复制

清代湘黔苗疆的粮饷供给模式及其分化原因探析()
分享到：

《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
40
期数:
2021年04期
页码:
59-69
栏目:
出版日期:
2021-08-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on the Causes of the Differentiation of Grain and Rate Supply Mode in Hunan, Guizhou and Miao Areas in Qing Dynasty
作者:
谢 祺
（华中师范大学 历史文化学院，湖北 武汉410079）
Author(s):
XIE Qi
（School of History and Culture, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079）
关键词:
清代; 湘黔苗疆; 粮饷补给; 模式; 分化
Keywords:
Qing Dynasty;  Miao Areas of Hunan and Guizhou;  military grain Supply;  mode;  differentiation
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
清朝有严格的民苗隔离政策。为了避免军队与苗人接触，清廷推行了限制军屯扩大并从内地输送军粮、协饷的补给模式。这一模式并未彻底解决军队补给问题，苗疆清军往往自行就地解决补给，向驻地和运输路线附近苗人派差役、采买物资，并常演变为清军对苗人的无度剥削和欺压，激起苗人反抗或抢劫军粮。治安恶化后清朝就加大兵力投入，随即也加大了需要运输的粮饷物资数量，结果恶性循环。与此同时，接受军粮的贵州和提供军粮的湖南出现了两种不同的财政处境，造成湖南比贵州承受更大的政治压力以及运输带来的社会经济消耗。直至嘉庆年间，湖南走出了与贵州不同的苗疆治理路线，以节省经费为直接目的的新式复合屯田制度应运而生。此举不仅节省了经费，更终止了前述的恶性循环，促进了湘西民族融合和社会发展。
Abstract:
In order to avoid the contact between the army and the Miao people, the expansion of the army’s agricultural reclamation was restricted, and the grain supply mode was dependent on the military grain transported from other places. However, this mode resulted in insufficient or untimely supplies. The Qing army in the Miao area often solved the problem on the spot, apportioned tasks to the Miao people near the station and transportation routes, and bought materials from the Miao people. Because of its lack of supervision and randomness, it often evolved into the excessive exploitation and oppression of the Miao people. These practices aroused the Miao people to resist or rob military supplies. After the deterioration of public security, the Qing Dynasty increased the investment of troops, and then increased the amount of food, rates and materials needed to be transported, which intensified the problems brought about by the supply and led to a vicious circle. In addition, it also formed two different financial situations of Guizhou receiving military grain and Hunan providing military grain, which caused Hunan to bear greater political pressure and social and economic consumption brought by transportation than Guizhou. Finally, in the financial dilemma during the Jiaqing period, the Hunan authorities went out of the Miao governance route different from Guizhou, and the new compound farming system came into being with the direct purpose of saving money. Results Hunan province not only saved money, but also ended the vicious circle mentioned above, and promoted the integration of ethnic groups and social development in Western Hunan.

相似文献/References:

[1]刘宗志.从清代社仓与义仓之差异看民间社会救济之增长[J].中国农史,2018,37(02):98.
[2]王培华 戴国庆.清代永定河下游与白洋淀的农业及其环境效应[J].中国农史,2018,37(02):128.
[3]施由明.论清代江西农村社会的溺女之风与宗族应对[J].中国农史,2017,36(05):100.
　SHI You-ming.The Ethos of “Female Infanticide ”in the Rural Society of Jiangxi in Qing Dynasty and Response of the Clans[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2017,36(04):100.
[4]黄忠鑫.山林经济变动与信贷契约书写的演变——清代歙县璜尖村的个案研究[J].中国农史,2017,36(06):101.
　HUANG Zhong-xin.Forestry Economy Changes for Evolution of the Form of Credit Contract——A Study Based on Huangjian Village of She County during Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2017,36(04):101.
[5]王大宾.人地关系与清代河南农业经营方式的调整[J].中国农史,2018,37(06):80.
　WANG Da-bin.The Relationship between Human and Land and the Economic Information of Agriculture in Henan Region in the Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2018,37(04):80.
[6]王大宾.人地关系与作物组合——清代河南地区农作物构成[J].中国农史,2016,35(01):29.
　WANG Da-bin.Man-Land Relationship and Crop Combination——Crops Constitute in Henan in the Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2016,35(04):29.
[7]李昕升 王思明.清代番薯在江西的引种和推广[J].中国农史,2016,35(02):39.
　LI Xin-sheng WANG Si-ming.Introduction and Spread of Sweet Potato in Jiangxi Province[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2016,35(04):39.
[8]李丹丹 王元林.清代肉桂产地变迁与国内外贸易探析[J].中国农史,2019,38(03):114.
　LI Dan-dan WANG Yuan-lin.Analysis on the Changes of Cinnamon Origin and Domestic and Foreign Trade in the Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2019,38(04):114.
[9]盛 承.清代陕西长安咸宁二县乡村区划的演变[J].中国农史,2020,39(05):123.
　SHENG Cheng.Evolution of the Administrative Division under the County in ChangAn and XianNing county, Shaanxi Province During the Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2020,39(04):123.
[10]刘 爽 惠富平.文本与技术：清代花谱的生成与传播[J].中国农史,2021,40(05):23.
　LIU Shuang HUI Fu-ping.Text and Technology: Generation and Dissemination of Flower Books in the Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2021,40(04):23.

更新日期/Last Update: 2021-08-31