利从江南来：明清时期华北地区的豆类作物更替-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Benefits from Jiangnan：Legume Crop Replacement in North China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Author(s):: WANG Bao-ning1 GENG Xue-ting2; (1. School of History and Culture, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358; 2. Advanced Institute for Confucian Studies, Shandong University, Jinan 250100)

Keywords:: soybean cake; summer sown soybean; two-year triple cropping system; adzuki bean

摘要:: 与传统的“人口压力——提高复种——引入大豆”阐释模式不同，本文认为人口压力不是华北大豆扩种的根本动因。明清时期江南经济发展大幅提升了农业生产的集约程度，扩大了豆饼的需求量，又通过运河贸易和近海贸易重塑了华北地区的农业生产模式。夏播大豆因培肥养地的耕作价值与榨油制饼的经济价值被纳入华北地区的耕作制度，种植规模逐渐扩大，促成了杂豆到大豆的豆类作物更替，形塑了新的两年三熟制。

Abstract:: Different from the traditional population pressure -- increasing multiple cropping -- introducing soybean interpretation mode, this paper holds that population pressure was not the fundamental cause of soybean expansion in North China. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River greatly enhanced the intensive level of agricultural production, expanded the demand for bean cakes, and reshaped the agricultural production mode in North China through trade forms such as water transport and sea transportation. Summer sown soybean was introduced into the cultivation system of North China because of the cultivation value of fertilizing and cultivating land and the economic value of pressing oil to make cakes, replacing the adzuki beans, expanding the planting scale, becoming the core crop of the new two-year triple cropping system, and promoting the industrial upgrading of the soybean industry in North China.