新见明永乐二十年浙江永康县赋役黄册所载田土与科则初探—

文章信息/Info

Title:: A Preliminary Study on the Land and Discipline Contained in the Yellow Register of Taxes and Service in Yongkang County in Zhejiang Province——Discuss the Heavy Tax of Western Zhejiang in the Early Ming Dynasty

Author(s):: GENG Hongli; （School of History and Culture, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024）

Keywords:: The Collection of Poems of Yuefu; Yellow Registers of the Ming Dynasty; land types; tax rate

摘要:: 上海图书馆藏公文纸印本《乐府诗集》其纸背均为明代赋役黄册，共计二十余种，其中以永乐二十年浙江金华府永康县义丰乡壹都陆里赋役黄册为最早。通过对黄册中所载官、民不同种类土地及科则的梳理，不仅丰富了地方志等传世文献的记载，而且反映了明早期浙中金华府的永康县的官田起科在一定程度上可比肩浙西重赋地区的事实。这样一来，与新发现的明洪武三年处州府小黄册所载官田科则对比后可见：浙江的赋税存在着浙西重于浙中，浙中又重于浙南的事实。从整体上看，浙江的官田赋税要远高于民田赋税。由此可见，明代的江南重赋，一是体现在官田起科之高，而非官田数量之多，二是从全国看，整个浙江地区或均属重赋。

Abstract:: On the back of Yuefu Poetry Collection on official document collected in Shanghai Library, there are more than 20 kinds of yellow registers on duty in Ming Dynasty, of which the earliest is Yidu Liuli, Yifeng Township, Yongkang County, Jinhua Prefecture, Zhejiang Province. By combing through the different types of land and disciplines of officials and people in the Yellow Register, it not only enriched chorography and other handed down documents, but also reflected the fact that official land of Yongkang County, located in Jinhua Prefecture in central Zhejiang Province in the early Ming Dynasty, was to some extent comparable to the heavy tax area of western Zhejiang, and the discipline was heavier. At the same time, compared with the newly discovered official fields in the small yellow register of the state capital in the three years of Ming Hongwu Dynasty, it is found that the tax of Zhejiang is heavier in the west of Zhejiang than in the middle of Zhejiang, but on the whole, the tax of official fields in Zhejiang is much higher than that of private fields. Therefore, in the Ming Dynasty, the heavy tax in Jiangnan, which is on the number of official disciplines rather than the number of official fields, the whole Zhejiang region or all reflect the heavy tax.