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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:

期数:

2025年02期

页码:

65-76

栏目:

出版日期:

2025-04-28

文章信息/Info

Title:

The Development of Sericulture in Shanxi during the Early Republic of China and the Transformation of Rural Labor Structure

作者:

刘惠珍1 石 涛2 曹原广2

（1.太原师范学院 马克思主义学院，山西晋中 030619；2.山西大学 经济与管理学院，山西 太原030012）

Author(s):

LIU Huizhen? SHI Tao? CAO Yuanguang2

（1. School of Marxism, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619; 2. School of Economics and Management, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030012）

关键词:

蚕桑业; 劳动力结构; 农民收入

Keywords:

sericulture;  labor force structure;  farmers’ income

分类号:

S-09；K212

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

清末山西经济凋敝，无业人口众多，农民生活困顿。民国初年，山西省府一方面推行禁烟、剪发、天足等社会改革措施，以移风易俗；另一方面通过发展经济改善民生，试图扭转贫穷落后的局面。因此，清代后期逐渐衰落的山西省传统优势产业蚕桑业，于民国初年再次得到政府的大力扶持，并成为提高农民收入的重要措施。在政策的推动下，蚕桑业逐渐在山西省全境推广，近代农业科学知识亦随之普及，这在一定程度上促进了农村就业，增加了农户收入。但在发展过程中出现的资源浪费、自主化程度不高，以及产业链终端不健全等诸多问题始终没有得到解决，从而降低了政策的执行效果。

Abstract:

By late Qing dynasty, the economy of Shanxi province had fallen into decline, leading to widespread unemployment and hardship in rural area. In the early years of the Republic of China, the Shanxi provincial government on the one hand implemented social reforms—such as banning opium, cutting queues, and abolishing footbinding—to transform social customs; on the other hand, it sought to alleviate poverty and backwardness by developing the economy and improving people’s livelihood. Consequently, Shanxi’s traditional sericulture industry, which had gradually waned in late Qing period, once again received strong governmental support in the early Republic and became an important means of raising farmers’ incomes. Under the impetus of these policies, sericulture gradually spread throughout the province, and modern agricultural science and technology were disseminated, thereby promoting rural employment and increasing household incomes to some extent. However, persistent problems—such as resource wastage, low levels of autonomy, and an underdeveloped end of the industrial chain—remained unresolved, ultimately reducing the overall effectiveness of these measures.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-05-18