中国传统地权制度论纲-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Outline on the Institution of Land Transaction in Traditional China

Author(s):: LONG Deng-gao; (Economic Institute,School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100083)

Keywords:: land property rights; land transaction; household farm; Chinese traditional economy; institutional evolution

摘要:: 在笔者近二十年研究成果的基础上，文章以中国传统社会经济视野对地权制度及其演变与作用进行系统性考察与综合论述，构建了具有内在逻辑体系的解释框架。从私有产权、法人产权、国有产权与所有权、占有权、使用权等层面形成土地产权形态理论，以富有中国传统特色的典权为中心，明辨各种地权交易形式及其历史演化。在此基础上探讨地权市场与家庭农庄的关联与相互影响，并从历史实证与理论逻辑上反思佃农理论、平均地权等旧有成说，揭示与西欧经济道路迥异的中国传统经济的基本特质及其近代转型困境。

Abstract:: Based on my researches during the past 20 years,this paper comprehensively studies the institution of land transaction and its evolution and function from the perspective of social economy in traditional China, and constructs a framework of interpretation with internal logical system. From the aspects of property rights of private, legal-entity and state or common, as well as the ownership, the possession and the right to usage, the theory of land property rights morphology is formed. Then discerns the various forms of land transactions and their historical evolution, focusing on the Dian, a traditional Chinese characteristics transaction.?Furthermore, this paper discusses the relevance and mutual influences between the land markets and household farm, reflects on such popular theories as the tenancy theory and equalization of landownership from the perspective of historical evidence and theoretical logic, and reveals the basic characteristics of Chinese traditional economy which is different from Western Europe and its predicament in modern transformation.