早期稻田遗存的类型及其社会相关性-《中国农史》

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: GUO Li-xin1 Olga Gorodetskaya2; (1.Department of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275;2.Department of History, Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi County 62102)

摘要:: 本文疏理当前稻作起源研究的新动向，认为大型稻田系统的建立是稻作农业社会建立的标志。大型稻田系统的建立有一个漫长的过程。为此，文章对迄今发现的早期稻田遗迹如八十垱、城头山、绰墩、草鞋山、澄湖、茅山等材料进行介绍和分析，从土地利用和田水管理两个维度进行形态分析，将其划分为无灌溉——自然低湿洼地田阶段、小型坑井——丘田阶段、池塘——大丘田阶段、大型沟渠——畦田类型。对这四种类型所分别体现出来的技术特征，各自所受到的自然条件的制约，以及相应的稻作社会建构的边界条件进行分析。

Abstract:: We believe that the establishment of large-scale rice fields system is a sign of the establishment of a rice farming society.It is a long process.This paper introduces and analyzes the early rice paddies remains in the Bashidang site, the Chengtoushan site, the Chuodun site, the Caoxieshan site, the Chenghu site and the Maoshan site.The morphological analysis was carried out from the two dimensions of land use and field water management.It is divided into four types of stages: non-irrigation and natural low-wet lands stage, small pits fields and wells stage, pools and large pits fields stage, and the large scale irrigation system and rice fields.The paper analyzes the technical characteristics of these four types, the constraints of their natural conditions, and the corresponding boundary conditions of rice farming.