[1]盛 承.清代陕西长安咸宁二县乡村区划的演变[J].中国农史,2020,39(05):123-137.
　SHENG Cheng.Evolution of the Administrative Division under the County in ChangAn and XianNing county, Shaanxi Province During the Qing Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2020,39(05):123-137.
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清代陕西长安咸宁二县乡村区划的演变()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
39
期数:
2020年05期
页码:
123-137
栏目:
出版日期:
2020-10-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Evolution of the Administrative Division under the County in ChangAn and XianNing county, Shaanxi Province During the Qing Dynasty
作者:
盛 承
（厦门大学 图书馆，福建 厦门 361005）
Author(s):
SHENG Cheng
（Xiamen University Library，Xiamen University，Xiamen，361005）
关键词:
清代; 长安县; 咸宁县; 基层组织; 县下区划
Keywords:
Qing dynasty; ChangAn county; XianNing county; the grassroots organization; district under county
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
“社”是清代后期陕西咸宁、长安二县独特的县下乡村政区，其形成与二县乡村基层组织的演变密切相关。清初，由于卫所屯田、更名田的归并，二县行政管辖的地域有所扩展，致使沿袭于明代的基层组织和乡里结构产生重要的变化。雍乾时期，在社仓制度之下，二县产生了新的地域区划——社。由于乡里组织所对应的地域缺乏规整的地理连属性，而社正好具有这一优点，二县便以之为区划疆界的方式，进而形成了乡社制。在里甲制逐渐崩坏过程中，社内组织的行政职能逐渐增强，社逐渐向乡村政区演变，至清后期具有了准政区的意义。但是，乡里制与乡社制是并存关系，里甲制在赋役征输过程中还具有一定的功用。县下政区的研究不能局限于某一统一的范式，区域视角或为深化研究的应有之义。
Abstract:
She was a special administrative division under the county in XianNing and ChangAn county of Shaanxi in the late Qing dynasty. Its formation was closely related to the evolution of rural grassroots organizations in the two counties. At the beginning of the Qing dynasty, due to the merging of the Wei-Suo land and Renaming the land, the area under the administrative jurisdiction of the two counties was expanded, which led to the important changes in the grass-roots organizations and its structures inherited from the Ming dynasty. In Yongzheng and Qianlong period, a new regional community had come from the social storehouse system in the two counties, which was named "She". The division based on the rural grassroots organizations lacked of orderly geographical affiliation, but "She" just had this advantage, so the two counties took it as the division of the border, and formed the Xiang-She system. When the Li-Jia system gradually lost the administrative functions, the Xiang-She system gradually played an important role, but both were not mutually substitute relationship, the Li-Jia system also had certain function in the process of levy taxes. "She" gradually evolved into the rural administrative division, or had the meaning of quasi-district in the late Qing dynasty. The study of district under county can not be limited to a unified paradigm, regional perspective should be necessary for the deepening of the research.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2020-11-13