[1]方前移.技术、组织：近代中日蚕丝业的竞争力差异[J].中国农史,2023,42(05):96-110.
　FANG Qianyi.Technology and Organization: Differences in the Competitiveness of the Silk Industry between China and Japan in Late Imperial and Modern Times[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2023,42(05):96-110.
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技术、组织：近代中日蚕丝业的竞争力差异()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
42
期数:
2023年05期
页码:
96-110
栏目:
出版日期:
2023-10-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Technology and Organization: Differences in the Competitiveness of the Silk Industry between China and Japan in Late Imperial and Modern Times
作者:
方前移
（安徽工程大学 马克思主义学院，安徽 芜湖241000）
Author(s):
FANG Qianyi
（School of Marxism, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000）
关键词:
技术; 组织; 日本; 江南; 蚕丝业
Keywords:
technology;  organization;  Japan;  Jiangnan;  the silk industry
分类号:
S-09；K215
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
生丝是中日两国重要的出口商品。明治维新以来，日本政府推行“殖产兴业”的国策。在政府行政权力支持下和民间资本的逐利刺激下，日本通过引进外来技术和开发本土技术，实施组合制度，使民间与政府形成利益共同体，共同推动生丝质量稳步提高，满足欧美市场对于生丝的需求。对比之下，以近代江南蚕丝业为代表，由于始终囿于传统技术，在小农生产方式的统治下，蚕农之间缺乏组织联合机制，急需官府提供行政组织资源支持。但近代中国官府对于蚕丝业采取自然放任的政策，政府征收的捐税又加重了蚕丝业的负担。其结果是，中日蚕丝业的竞争力在比拼的过程中明显地拉开了差距。
Abstract:
Raw silk was an important export commodity in both China and Japan. Since the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese government had implemented the national policy of "cultivating and prospering industries". With the support of government administrative power and the pursuit of profit from private capital, Japan had introduced foreign technology and developed local technology, implemented a combination system, and formed a community of interests between the public and the government, jointly to promote the stable improvement of raw silk quality and to meet the demand for raw silk in the European and American markets. Compared to Japan, in the Jiangnan region of modern China, the silk industry still indulged in traditional technology. Under the rule of small-scale agricultural productien methods, there was a lack of organizational and joint mechanisms among sericulture farmers. Thus, there was an urgent need for the government to provide administrative organizational resources support. But modern Chinese governments not only adopted a policy of natural indulgence towards the silk industry for a long time, but also increased the burden on the silk industry due to the government’s collection of taxes and levies. As a result, there were significant differences in the competitiveness of China and Japan’s silk industry.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-11-14