[1]申志锋.河下沙田：晚清以来兰考地区河道变迁与区域生计[J].中国农史,2018,37(04):90-104.
　SHEN Zhi-feng.Sandfields under the Yellow River: Course Change and Regional Livelihoods in the Lankao Region from the Late Qing through the Maoist Era[J].SAMSON,2018,37(04):90-104.
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河下沙田：晚清以来兰考地区河道变迁与区域生计()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
37
期数:
2018年04期
页码:
90-104
栏目:
出版日期:
2018-08-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Sandfields under the Yellow River: Course Change and Regional Livelihoods in the Lankao Region from the Late Qing through the Maoist Era
文章编号:
1000－4459（2018）04－0090－15
作者:
申志锋
（浙江大学 历史学系，浙江 杭州 310028）
Author(s):
SHEN Zhi-feng
（Department of History, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028）
关键词:
黄河; 沙田; 兰考; 铜瓦厢; 生计
Keywords:
the Yellow River; sandfields;  Lankao;  Tongwaxiang;  livelihoods
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
黄河1855年于铜瓦厢决口，结束了长期“夺淮入海”的局面，给兰考地区留下了“飞沙无际”的土地景观，但却促进了兰考地区之兰仪、仪封、考城三县的融合，并最终形成一个县——兰考县。同时，“河下沙田”的存在，也为兰考地区人们提供了更大的生存空间；而沙田本身创造出的野生中药材也为兰考地区人们解决了部分生计问题。然而，由于技术水平所限，沙地和盐碱地伴生的问题始终存在，随着人口的增加，兰考地区粮食作物种植受到极大限制。直至上世纪50年代开始采取“引黄淤灌”技术后，粮食作物种植才得到了更大程度的保障，进而一定程度上转变了当地农民对黄河恐惧的态度；不过兰考地区又出现了人类过度与“河下沙田”上的野生中药材争夺空间的新现象。可以说，黄河改道北流是兰考地区人类与自然互动对象发生较大变化的一个转折点。
Abstract:
In 1855, the breaching of the Yellow River dikes at Tongwaxiang terminated the long history of the river’s occupation of the Huaihe riverbed. This caused a landscape of severe and boundless sandfields in the Lankao region, but it integrated three counties of Lanyi, Yifeng and Kaocheng, which eventually became one county of Lankao. At the same time, there were new places to live in the sandfield region. Moreover, because of the resources of wild Chinese herbs on the sandfields, they also provided part of the livelihoods for people in the Lankao region. However, due to limited technical problems, there were always the problems of sandfields and saline-alkali soil. As the population increased, the agricultural development of the grain crops in the Lankao region was also difficult. By “Channeling the Yellow River to Provide Silt Irrigation” in the 1950s, the agricultural development of the grain crops was improved in the Lankao region, and local peasants became less fearful about the Yellow River. However, unexpectedly, this caused a new conflict phenomenon between Lankao’s peasants and the sandfield’s space, where was covered by the wild Chinese herbs. The diversion of the Yellow River to the north is a turning point in the interaction between humans and nature in the Lankao region.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
[收稿日期] 2018-03-12
[基金项目] 国家留学基金委“2017年国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”基金资助（201706320063）
[作者简介] 申志锋（1988- ），男，浙江大学历史学系2015级博士研究生，研究方向为明清以来环境史与历史地理学。
更新日期/Last Update: 2018-09-07