[1]王志龙.“永远保墓”：近代皖中宗族墓田探析[J].中国农史,2021,40(01):98-110.
　WANG Zhi-long.Protecting the Grave Forever: A Study of the Clan Tomb Fields in the Central Part of Anhui Province in Modern Times[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2021,40(01):98-110.
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“永远保墓”：近代皖中宗族墓田探析()
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《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
40
期数:
2021年01期
页码:
98-110
栏目:
出版日期:
2021-02-04

文章信息/Info

Title:
Protecting the Grave Forever: A Study of the Clan Tomb Fields in the Central Part of Anhui Province in Modern Times
作者:
王志龙
（南京师范大学 社会发展学院，江苏 南京 210097）
Author(s):
WANG Zhi-long
（School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097）
关键词:
近代; 皖中; 宗族; 墓田;  保护祖坟
Keywords:
modern times; the central part of Anhui Province; clan; tomb field; protecting the ancestral grave
分类号:
S-09；K207
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
近代皖中宗族在报本追远和祈求福佑思想的指导下，为了保护祖坟和开展祭祀，通过多元化的渠道积极建置墓田，推动了墓田的发展和普遍化，但是大多规模较小。墓主房下子孙公同共有墓田并进行经管，在不断分房中形成自始祖而下的多层级墓田所有和经管体系，但是各房必须遵守禁止典卖的族规。墓田主要出租外姓佃种，租子随墓田规模的增加而变化，租率较一般地主土地低。尽管墓田普遍表现为既维持祭祀又保护祖坟，但是保护祖坟居首要地位，维持祭祀只是规模增加后功能的扩展。墓田正是通过保护祖坟和维持祭祀，在一定程度上促进了中国传统宗族社会的延续。
Abstract:
In modern times, under the guidance of the thought of reporting the origin and praying for blessing, the clans in the central part of Anhui Province actively built tomb fields through diversified channels in order to protect the ancestral graves and carry out sacrifice, which promoted the development and popularization of tomb fields, but most of them were small. The descendants of the owner of the tomb shared the tomb field and managed it and a multi-level system of ownership and management of tomb fields was formed in the process of continuous division, but each lineage branch must abide by clan rules of forbidding pawn and sale. The clan mainly rented the land to other families and the rent changed with the increase of the scale of the tomb fields, but the rent rate was lower than that of the common landlords. Although the tomb fields were generally manifested as both the maintenance of sacrifice and the protection of ancestral graves, the protection of ancestral tombs was the most important position, and the maintenance of sacrifice was only the expansion of its function after the increase of scale. It was through the protection of ancestral graves and the maintenance of sacrifice that tomb fields promoted the continuation of Chinese traditional clan society to a certain extent.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2021-03-11