[1]李 成.国家与市场之间：明代漕粮永折与漕粮货币化[J].中国农史,2025,(02):40-51.
　LI Cheng.Between State and Market:Permanent Conversion of Grain Transported to the Capital into Silver and the Monetization of Grain for Water Transport during the Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2025,(02):40-51.
点击复制

国家与市场之间：明代漕粮永折与漕粮货币化()
分享到：

《中国农史》[ISSN:1000-4459/CN:32-1061/S]

卷:
期数:
2025年02期
页码:
40-51
栏目:
出版日期:
2025-04-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Between State and Market:Permanent Conversion of Grain Transported to the Capital into Silver and the Monetization of Grain for Water Transport during the Ming Dynasty
作者:
李 成
（中南财经政法大学 马克思主义学院， 湖北 武汉 430073）
Author(s):
LI Cheng
（School of Marxism, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073）
关键词:
明代;  漕粮;  永折;  货币化
Keywords:
Ming Dynasty;  tribute grain;  the policy of exchanging tribute grain for silver evolution;  monetization
分类号:
S-09；K210
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
漕粮永折是指朝廷将漕粮永久折银征收。明代漕粮永折是漕粮货币化的标志。其形成与发展历经嘉靖、万历两个阶段。从嘉靖到万历，永折的数额不断增加，范围不断扩大，方式也不断创新，此均表明漕粮货币化趋势呈现进一步发展的可能。而天启之后，漕粮货币化进程中断，其原因与漕粮特殊性有关，即保障京师供给的漕粮在京师仓储不足的情况下不得不恢复本色缴纳。由此说明漕粮货币化进程受到王朝权力的干预。同时，鉴于漕粮上纳的种种困难，部分有漕州县在永折受阻的情况下，采取了顺应市场机制的新方式，成为漕粮货币化的新途径。明代漕粮永折在不同阶段的发展，深刻反映出漕粮货币化进程，揭示了漕粮货币化的困境，为理解漕运与财政、市场之间的复杂关系提供新的视角。
Abstract:
The perpetual conversion of grain transport （漕粮永折） refers to the permanent silver-based collection of grain transport taxes by the imperial court. This practice marked the monetization of the grain transport system during the Ming Dynasty. Its formation and development occurred in two stages: the Jiajing and Wanli eras. From the Jiajing to the Wanli period, the amount of perpetual conversion continuously increased, its scope expanded, and innovative methods were adopted, all of which indicate the potential for further development in the trend toward monetization of the grain transport system. However, after the Tianqi era, the monetization process was interrupted due to the unique characteristics of the grain transport system—specifically, the necessity of ensuring adequate supplies for the capital when granary reserves were insufficient, which necessitated a return to in-kind payment. This demonstrates that the monetization process of the grain transport system was subject to intervention by imperial authority. Simultaneously, given the various difficulties associated with the payment of grain transport taxes, some regions responsible for grain transport adopted new mechanisms aligned with market principles when perpetual conversion encountered obstacles, thus creating new pathways for the monetization of the grain transport system. The development of perpetual grain transport conversion at different stages in the Ming Dynasty profoundly reflects the monetization process of the grain transport system, reveals the challenges faced in this process, and provides a new perspective for understanding the complex relationships between grain transport, finance, and the market.

相似文献/References:

[1]陈 瑞.明代合肥地区的畜牧业述论[J].中国农史,2016,35(04):14.
　CHEN Rui.A Review of the Animal Husbandry in Hefei Area in Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2016,35(02):14.
[2]徐 静.明代宁夏镇“水头”研究[J].中国农史,2021,40(05):84.
　XU Jing.Study on "Shuitou"（水头） of Ningxia Town in Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2021,40(02):84.
[3]吴兆庆 吴 滔.明代两畿鲁豫俵马折价和市场价格研究[J].中国农史,2022,41(01):64.
　WU Zhao-Qing WU Tao.The Converted Price and the Market Price of Biao Horses（俵马）in Northern and Southern Zhili as Well as Henan and Shandong in the Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2022,41(02):64.
[4]展 龙 李争杰.明代地方农灾信息奏报及其决策价值研究[J].中国农史,2022,41(03):3.
　ZHAN Long LI Zheng-jie.Local Agricultural Disaster Information and Its Decision-making Value in the Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2022,41(02):3.
[5]郝红暖.明代安徽地区的马政及其环境影响初探[J].中国农史,2022,41(06):63.
　HAO Hong-nuan.A Preliminary Study on the Horse Policy and Its Environmental Influence of Anhui Area in the Ming Dynasty[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2022,41(02):63.
[6]胡箫白.明代前中期汉藏交流的物质文化考察[J].中国农史,2024,43(06):68.
　HU Xiaobai.Material Culture in Early-mid Ming Sino-Tibetan Interaction[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2024,43(02):68.
[7]刘伟杰.论明末常熟县“勒石治理”的实践及影响——以三通垦荒碑为中心[J].中国农史,2025,(01):120.
　LIU Weijie.The Practice and Influence of "Monumentalize Governance" in Changshu County in the Late Ming Dynasty：Centering on Three Steles of Land Reclamation[J].AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF CHINA,2025,(02):120.

更新日期/Last Update: 2025-05-18